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We demonstrate ultrafast, high throughput, all-optical switching in optimized, 2-cm-long, halfand full-beat-length nonlinear directional couplers operated at 1.55 pm, below half the band gap of Ga, s2Ala1sAs. The long device length allowed the elimination of nonlinear loss and resulted in a switching peak power and energy of 85 W and 65 pJ, respectively.

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We study the shaping of picosecond-duration optical pulses by the intensity-dependent transmission characteristics of a fiber loop mirror in the normally dispersive region. Experimental results for sech(2) intensity input profiles are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. In addition, input pulses with substantial background radiation emerge both compressed and pedestal free.

The composition and preparation of an artificial diet for the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei is described. Ten generations were obtained without any significant change in fecundity. Development at 25°C on this diet was similar to previously reported work using coffee berries. One female reared on this diet lived for 380 days. This diet will permit investigations into the genetics of insecticide resistance, potential biopesticides and other research, requiring a convenient laboratory rearing system. Resume-Le mode de preparation et la composition d'un milieu d'elevage artiflciel pour le scolyte du cafe Hypothenemus hampei est decrit. Jusqu'a present, dix generations ont ete obtenues sans changement significatif de la fecondite. Le cycle de developpement a 25°C est similaire a celui reporte par ailleurs dans la litterature, sur des elevages sur cerises de cafe. Une duree de vie maximale de 380 jours a ete observee sur une femelle elevee sur ce milieu. Ce milieu artiflciel permet de conduire des recherches dans le domaine de la genetique de la resistance aux insecticides, dans la prospection de biopesticides potentiels, ou dans tout autre domaine necessistant un elevage permanent au laboratoire.Mots Cles: Hypothenemus hampei, 61evage, milieu artificiel INTRODUCTIONdifficult to obtain in many regions of the world. The lack of a suitable laboratory rearing method was a Hypothenemus hampei is a major pest of coffee, major constraint to our research into the genetics of feeding exclusively on berries; it does not damage the endosulfan resistance (Brun et al., unpubl. data) and vegetative parts of the plant. Native to Central Africa, the development of methods for the integrated pest it has spread to most coffee producing countries in management of//, hampei. We developed this diet to the world. Significant coffee-growing areas where it provide the large quantities of//, hampei of consistent has not yet been detected include Costa Rica, Hawaii quality and physiological status necessary for this and Papua New Guinea. Its biology and ecology in work. This paper describes an artificial diet comprised different parts of the world have been extensively of readily obtainable ingredients, on which several studied (Waterhouse and Norris, 1989), but little strains of//, hampei have been reared for over 10 attention has been paid to the dietetics and nutrition generations. No detailed information was collected of either larvae or adults. Villacorta (1985) has on the intrinsic rate of increase of the insect on this described an artificial diet for rearing successive diet, since our aim was simply to develop a diet to generations of the coffee berry borer, but the enable other research, formulation includes specialized natural ingredients