The aim of this study was to determine the effects of breeder age and stocking density on performance, carcass characteristics and some stress parameters (H-L ratio, serum glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels, tonic immobility test (TI), antibody production, relative asymmetry (RA) and external appearances). This experiment was carried out with 705 one-day old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) obtained from three different ages of broiler breeder (32, 48 and 61 wks). Each age group was randomly divided into two stocking density groups (11.9 and 17.5 broilers per m 2 ) with 5 replications per group. The experimental period was 6 weeks. Broilers from 32 wk-old breeders had lower initial weight (p<0.001), body weight gain of the first 3 week of rearing (p<0.01), the percentage of abdominal fat (p<0.001) and serum cholesterol level (p<0.01); higher percentage of gizzard (p<0.01) and longer TI duration (p<0.001) than those from 48 and 61 wk-old breeders. Broilers reared at 17.5 b/m 2 had lower final BW, body weight gain, feed consumption, feather condition and foot health (p<0.001), higher percentage of heart, H-L ratio, serum glucose and cholesterol levels (p<0.001), and longer TI durations (p<0.001). There were no significant interactions in examined parameters except for feed to gain ratio between breeder age and stocking density.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of hen production cycle (HPC) and the effect of egg weight (EW) at the same egg production level on egg quality, egg composition, hatchability, duckling quality, and first-week BW in Pekin ducks. For HPC, hatching eggs were obtained from different Pekin-duck breeder flocks, aged 31 wk for the first production cycle (HPC1) and 78 wk for the second production cycle (HPC2). For EW, there were 3 categories: heavy (H), medium (M), and light (L). Ten eggs from each HPC and EW group were analyzed for the determination of egg quality, and albumen and yolk compositions. Ninety eggs from each HPC and EW group were incubated for the determination of hatchability, and duckling weight and quality. After quality scoring, 20 ducklings (10 male and 10 female) from each group were weighed, and reared to 1 wk of age in a brooder machine to determine relative growth (RG). The results showed that the albumen index; Haugh unit; shell percentage; yolk moisture, ash, protein, lipids, and triglycerides; albumen moisture, ash, and protein; yolk fatty acid contents; hatching weight; duckling weights at 1 wk of age; and RG were significantly affected by HPC. Egg weight affected shell thickness, yolk and albumen indices, Haugh unit, yolk and albumen percentages, yolk to albumen ratio, shell percentage, yolk fatty acid content, hatching weight, duckling weight at 1 wk of age, and RG.

GirişGünümüzde uluslararası cıvcıv, piliç eti, yumurta pazarlarına üstün üretim teknolojisine sahip, en üst düzeyde ekonomik verimliliği sağlayabilen ülkeler hakim olmuşlardır. Ülkemizde de üretimin verim-KULUÇKA GURUPLARıNıN DEGERLENDİRİLMESİ İLE İLGİLİ 461

The effec! of !iller type and reusing !iııer on broiter performance II. The effect of reusing Hller on broiter performance Summary: Reused lifter was lIsed either as it ıvas or ajfer turning it lipside down.A total of 10125 f1ybro chicks were used in 5 production periods. The el/ects of the type of lifter treatment on hody weight, feed col1-version, mortality and production indices were determined.When the environnıenta! factors were optimised iıı the house, reusing of !itfer had positive ellects on productive peıformance. Cost ofproduction through saving ollabor and Iifter ıvas alsa reduced.Özet: Ayııı altlığı değiştirmeden tekrar kul/anabilme oImıak larm 111 araştırıldığı bu çalışmada altlığı alt-üst etme, yada hiçbir işlem yapmadan tekrar kullanma muameleleri karşılaştırılmıştır.Araştırmada toplam 10125 adet Hybro civciv kullanılarak ardarda 5 dönem üretim yapılmıştır.Uygulama boyunca incelenen altlık muamele tipleri ve aynı altlığı tekrar kullanma canlı ağırlık, yemden yararlanma, ölüm oranı ve ı Bu araştırma A.Ü. Araştırma Fonunca deSTf:klenmiştir.

No abstract

Özet: Bu araştırma bazı hijyen değişkenlerinin broiler verimliliğini ne ölçüde etkilediğini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma, Nısan 1999 -Ekim 2000 tarihleri arasıııda 298 kümeste üretilen 1430 sürü üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Broiler verimliliğinin ölçüsü olarak Broiler Verimlilik Indeksi (BVl), hijyen koşul1arıııııı ölçüsü olarak da iki sonuçl u olarak taııımlanan 37 değişken kullaııılmıştır. Hijyen değişkenleri ile BVI arasıııda bir bilgisayar paket programda, adım adım regresyon analizi uygulanarak her sürünün içinde bulunduğu hijyen koşullarınııı ölçüsü olacak bir hijyen indeksi (Hİ) geliştirilmiştir. Regresyon analizi sonucunda salgııı hastalık, ölen hayvanların uzaklaştırılması, kümes yapısı, kümesin çevre kümesIerden uzaklığı, üretim dönemi sonunda altlık materyalinin uzaklaştırılması, kümes girişinde dezenfeksiyon, kümesin yaşı, kümes kapasitesi, kümes havalandırması, üretim çiftliğinde başka tür ya da yaş grubundan kanatlı hayvanların varlığı ve ısıtma değişkenleri hijyen indeksinde yer almıştır. Seçilen regresyon modelinin belirtme katsayısı (R2) modelin, broiler verimlilik indeksi açısıııdan sürüler arasıııda gözlenen farklılığııı % 49'unu açıklayabildiğini göstermiştir. Bvi ile Hi arasıııda pozitif ve önemli (p

The effects of season and region on performanee of eommercial broİlersSummary: The objective of this research was to determine the effects of rearing season and region on performance of commcrcia! broilers. Data coming from 1430 commercia! broiler /loeks kept on 298 broiler production units were collected in sixteen months of time from April 1999 to October 2000. Liveability (L), feed eonversion ratio (FCR), live weight (LW) and European Efficiency Factor (EEF) were used as a guantitative measure of the /lock performance. The mean L (%), LW (g), FCR (kg/kg), and EEF figures for all /locks were 89.71; 1762.70; i.907 and 193.73 respectively. Despite very similar genetic backgrounds, there were statistically significant differences between /lock performances (p

8 mg/100 ml were ohtained respectively. Gout'suz (FN) Özet: Araştırma 2]°C ve 35°C sıcaklıktaki iki kümeste yürü-tülmüş, cücelik geni taşıyan (dwWL) ve taşımayan (DWWL) iki Beyaz Leghorn hattı ile Goutlu (FG) ve