Subchorionic haemorrhage in the 1st trimester of pregnancy can be seen in some patients and the significance of it is controversial. In this study, subchorionic haemorrhage was found to be significantly associated with increased risk of miscarriage and IUGR. On the other hand, we did not see a significant relation between pre-term labour and subchorionic haemorrhage. We hope these findings will help clinicians in their practice about pregnancy follow-up.
Less than 22% reduction in human chorionic gonadotropin levels from day 1 to 4 can be used as a predictive factor for the requirement of an additional dose of methotrexate in single-dose regimen. This cutoff value can be used for patients to inform about the probable longer resolution time and refer to alternative treatment modalities such as two-dose, multiple-dose regimens or surgery.
When misoprostol induction fails, Foley catheter is a safe and effective method for cervical ripening. Foley catheter can be the first treatment of choice in post-term nulliparous women or preterm women with Bishop score = 1.
Objective:To assess the anxiety and depression status of women with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG); the risk factors for developing both depression and anxiety in women with HG were evaluated.Materials and Methods:A total of 200 women, 100 diagnosed as having HG before the 20th week of gestation at a tertiary referral center and 100 gestational-age-matched controls were enrolled. The socio-demographic data and the depression and anxiety scores, as assessed using the Beck depression and anxiety inventory were compared between the two groups.Results:The median depression and anxiety scores were significantly higher in the HG group compared with controls (19.5 vs. 9.0 and 22.0 vs. 10.0). Women with HG have the highest relative risks for moderate depression and severe anxiety [relative risk (RR): 16.88 and RR: 20.50, respectively]. In the univariate analysis, having HG, low education level, low income and poor social relationships were significant predictors of depression and having HG. Moreover, poor social relationships significantly predicted the presence of anxiety disorder. However, having HG and poor social relationships were found as the only independent predictors of both depression and anxiety. Patients with HG were 5.5 and 6.7 times more prone to having depression and anxiety disorder compared with controls, respectively.Conclusion:Both depression and anxiety disorder were more frequent in women with HG who have weak family and social relationships, lower education and income levels. Therefore, the determination of the psychological status of women with HG should be an integral part of the evaluation.
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