The problem of ensuring the quality of educational services is extremely important. It is known that the level of education and education as such are of great importance for most areas of life as an individual, and each country and the world as a whole. The authors of the article tried to analyze the current state of education, namely - distance education, in terms of transformational processes. In their study, the authors tried to take into account the total digitalization of education and objective reality in general, the introduction of innovative technologies, and took into account the factor of the pandemic, which in one way or another affected all processes of public life. The result of this study was a reflection on the main trends in the development of distance education and education in general, as well as general recommendations for improving the education system at both local and global levels. This study was conducted on the basis of a number of methods that allowed to make adequate generalizations about the state of distance education: the methods of system analysis, comparative analysis, sociological method, the method of observation, methods of analysis and synthesis, the method of abstraction and the method of generalization of objective phenomena.
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The article presents current data referring to the main types of laboratory diagnosticity of coronavirus infection associated with severe acute coronavirus respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), which has caused the pandemic, as defined by the World Health Organization in 2019. New viruses for people and the risks associated with them periodically remind countries about necessity to be always ready for emergencies in the field of biological safety. However, these risks may differ for different countries, so each country should develop its own national assessment based on a global risk assessment. Recently, the world's attention has been focused on the spread of the disease, which has been caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and was first recorded in China, in the city of Wuhan. There are many rumors about the virus today. On the one hand, there is an oversaturation of the information space with reports about coronavirus, and on the other hand, one can mark the low level of public awareness. Under conditions of a pandemic, all countries, despite their different political status and economic potential, have focused their efforts on a common enemy, the acute respiratory disease COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The issue of coronavirus infection diagnosticity becomes extraordinary relevant. In terms of a review of the scientific literature, the main data of human coronavirus infections history include the epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS) and the current pandemic COVID-19. The etiology of COVID-19, its epidemiology, pathogenesis, main clinical variants and their symptoms, classification by severity, methods of laboratory diagnosticity have been consistently described. To understand the trends in the development of a pandemic, it is extremely necessary to have a clear understanding of the immunological structure of the population with the determination of the proportion of persons with post-infectious immunity, since in the absence of specific immunoprophylaxis, population immunity can be a marker not only of the intensity of the epidemic process, but also of the prognosis of its development. Conclusion. The experience of humanity's struggle with biological threats indicates that success was achieved only under the condition of early diagnosis, correct therapy and prevention in the foci of diseases, aimed at their localization and elimination through the immediate implementation of primary anti-epidemic measures. Timely blocking of the spread of the causative agent of the infection allows you to effectively stop the development of any epidemic complications with the least medical and social losses in the optimal time frame. The use of time-tested standards of anti-epidemic protection is advisable in any emergency situation caused by pathogenic biological agents, including during the COVID-19 pandemic
Risk is one of the least studied concepts in legal science. For example, in criminal law, risk is investigated within the institution of circumstances that exclude criminality of an act (Section VIII of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) 1. Thus, the actions of a person, who caused harm to legitimate interests in the conditions of a justified risk in order to achieve socially useful purpose, are recognized as lawful, and the person who caused harm under such conditions is not held criminally liable. The problem for jurisprudence lies not in the mere fact of the existence of risky situations, but in the determination of criteria for the distinction between lawful and unlawful risk. In the theory of criminal law, within which the issue of risk was given special consideration, the following types of justifiable risk are defined: industrial, economic, professional, medical or technical, medical, pedagogical, sports, creative, administrative, risk in law enforcement, scientific experiment, etc. It appears from the foregoing that the problem of the risk cannot be solved within the criminal or any other area of law. It is complex, intersectoral problem. The scientists summarize the factors that have actualized the problem of risk in Ukraine: 1) the rapid development of social and political relations in Ukraine encouraged the emergence of new relations in society; 2) the development of international relations at all levels is characterized by instability and danger both for the sovereignty of the State directly and for the world as a whole; 3) the role of Ukraine in certain international processes is of an exceptional nature, arising from its geographical position, natural, human, economic potential, etc. It is obvious that risk covers all aspects of human life. This category is related to production, creativity, recreation, sports, scientific and technological progress, etc. Risk is an integral part of many professional activities, particularly of law enforcement activities. Initiative, innovations are not possible without risk. The term "initiative" has two meanings: 1) the first step in any case, an act; 2) the ability to come up with new ideas, suggestions; ability to start any business independently; persistence, energy,