Background. Security as a socio-cultural phenomenon requires a comprehensive approach and integrates a multitude of aspects of social reality, each of which is important both for an individual and society as a whole. It has been shown that there are certain universal desires and needs which are valued by all cultures and peoples as essential to providing a high quality of life; one of such universals is the need for security. Consequently, the status of people's security in a society directly depends on the processes taking place in the society as a whole, and a craving for security and the need for it act as powerful stimulators of social changes.Aim. A theoretical analysis of studies on psychological security as a socio-cultural phenomenon.Method. Sources were selected according the following principles of scientific cognition: development, systematicity, and determinism.Result and discussion. It has been shown that, on the one hand, an individual's security is the result of an effective political, economic, social, and cultural environment. On the other hand, a society's security is a combination of individual people's security. It has been proved that the strengthening of a society's psychological security is key to achieving the wellbeing of different categories of people.It has been demonstrated that security is a dynamic process, since at every point in time we are dealing with a new type of danger. As a result, psychological security must constantly be created all over again. The latent character of security is shown by the fact that a person starts to strain after it only when an actual threat to life, health, and wellbeing emerges. What's more, the use of an interdisciplinary approach (psychological and sociological, in particular) appears to be the most fruitful, especially with regard to such latent phenomena as security and wellbeing.It has been shown that all aspects of human behavior in all spheres of life can be interpreted in the context of both the sense of security and actual security, and in most cases it is the need for security that guides man's action. It has also been demonstrated Psychological security as the foundation of personal psychological wellbeing… 101 that people's perceptions and assessment of their state of security are psychological processes, and thus, they are exposed to individual and group differences.Modern research has shown that, in the modern world, the link between a sense of wellb eing and sense of security is drawing increasing attention. Yet it should be noted that there is a tendency to interpret the concept of security restrictively as protection from harm and satisfaction of basic needs. In other words, the idea that psychological wellbeing and security are complementary and mutually conditioned concepts has not been dealt with so far.

No abstract

Статья посвящена методам измерения субъективного благополучия у детей и подростков, а также общим тенденциям, выявляемым при помощи разных методик . В первую часть обзора вошли несколько методик, которые демонстрируют разнообразие подходов к измерению субъективного благополучия: многомерные и одномерные составные шкалы, а также шкалы, состоящие из одного пункта . Рассматривается опыт адаптации «взрослых» методик измерения субъективного благополучия для использования на выборках детей . Обсуждаются различия в оценке субъективного благополучия самими детьми и их родителями, фиксируемые при помощи ряда методик . Во второй части обзора рассматриваются вопросы динамики субъективного благополучия, которую должны фиксировать психометрические инструменты . Обсуждаются гипотезы о стабильности уровня субъективного благополучия (гомеостатически поддерживаемое настроение, сет-поинт * Арчакова Татьяна Олеговна, психолог, кафедра экстремальной психологии факультета психологии, МГУ им . М .В . Ломоносова, Москва, Россия .

(Accessed 16.04.2018). 31. Metzger M.J. Making sense of credibility on the Web: Models for evaluating online information and recommendations for future research [Elektronnyi resurs] Journal of the American Society of Information Science and Technology, 2007, no. 58, pp. 2078-2091. doi: 10.1002

No abstract

Background. This study addresses a current problem relating to trust and the identification of gender differences in trust/mistrust manifestation. Gender identity is associated with cultural stereotypes and social roles, which facilitate the formation of trust in people. It acts as a significant integral meaning-based component of an individual's "I"-conception, which contributes to the formation of trust in himself and the world around him.objective. To study features of trust/mistrust towards others in young people with different gender identities.design. The cross-gender-typical sample consisted of 179 representatives, 83 males and 96 females, ages 17 to 23 (M = 19.34 and SD = 1.79). The techniques for collecting data included the MMPI, the Sex-Role Inventory by S. Bem, and the Trust/Mistrust towards Others questionnaire by A. Kupreychenko. The results were processed via the Mann-Whitney U Test, the Kruskal-Wallis H criterion, and cluster analysis.Results. Criteria of trust/mistrust among the youth with different gender identities were identified, and basic types of trust -categoric, irrational-emotional, ambivalentcontradictory, and non-differentiated -were singled out. Irrespective of biological sex, bearers of different gender identities do not exhibit the same criteria to determine trust/ mistrust.conclusion. This study makes it possible to enrich our understanding of the role of social gender in the formation of interpersonal trust and differences in the foundations of trust toward others, in people with different gender identities. The empirical typology of trust in youth with different gender identities allows for using the typology in organizing psychological diagnostics, and for support and improvement of their interpersonal relations.

No abstract

No abstract