Indicators, different in terms of nature and grading scales, are used to recognise hazardous and harmful factors that affect human health. However, no single methodology is available for their assessment, and the variety of qualimetric assessment methods requires in-depth research, in part on optimality and efficiency. Therefore, this work aimed to conduct several scientific studies to obtain the results of the assessment in unified units of measurement, which would provide a generalised indicator of harmful factors at the workplace. The article proposes to use dependencies to assess indicators of harmful factors, considering the maximum, minimum, and optimal values as well as the shape parameter, the change of which produces various assessments in a dimensionless scale. A hierarchy analysis method was used to obtain reliable values with a small number of experts and determine the form parameter. These efforts resulted in the value of the overall index for harmful factors, which serves as grounds for decisions regarding further improvements in working conditions. The developed methodology was used to assess the safety of working conditions at a machine-building enterprise, and the results are presented in the article.

The article considers several modern scientific papers substantiating the need for assessing workplace safety and focusing on methods applied for the quantitative assessment of working conditions. The analysis found unsolved problems in qualimetry, which could lead to the development of new practical and generally applicable methods to effectively assess working conditions. The analysis proved the relevance of the topic and helped to determine the aim of the article, i.e., the development of a methodology for the quantitative assessment of working conditions in industries, considering harmful production factors. An exponential distribution, which belongs to the theory of extreme statistics, was proposed for the transition of heterogeneous single indicators of harmful factors into a dimensionless scale. Affine transformations were used to combine dissimilar scales, making it possible to divide segments on dissimilar scales into equal proportions. The article proposes a step-by-step method for determining a complex indicator of working conditions in industries. The proposed methodology allows management decisions that minimise the deviation in actual values of harmful factors from the optimal ones. The developed technique was tested at one specific metallurgical production site.

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The subject of research in the article are methods and means of measurement and testing. The goal of the work is to analyze the metrological requirements of the ISO/IEC 17025:2017 standard for equipment and methods used to conduct tests in laboratories to ensure control of the metrological system processes, and to provide information on the practical application of the requirements of this standard, taking into account the provisions of other international standards. The following tasks are solved in the article: analysis of the position of international documents containing the requirements to the equipment and test methods for measurement in order to determine their practical implementation; analysis of ISO/IEC 17025:2017 on metrological requirements and proposed ways of implementation of these requirements. The following methods are used-analysis method. The following results have been obtained: the analysis of international requirements to the equipment, including measuring, testing (measurement) and standardization of these requirements has been carried out to implement the provisions of ISO/IEC 17025:2017. An important factor in the implementation of the standard in Ukraine is that currently there are no national standards that would regulate the general requirements for the use of measuring equipment and assess the accuracy of measurement results. This standard provides general approaches to the use of equipment and accuracy characteristics of the results obtained by appropriate methods. Fulfillment of the requirements of the methodology makes it possible to obtain a reliable result with the required accuracy. Conclusions: on the basis of the carried out analysis it is established that ISO/IEC 17025:2017 became a new perspective step towards application of metrological requirements to means and methods of testing and measurements defined by various other international documents in the field of metrology; the standard is a fundamental, in fact, reference book for metrologists on organization of work on assurance of reliability of measurement results and tests at the enterprise; assurance of conformity to the requirements of the international standard provides customers with confidence in the results of measurements.

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Among many means of individual protection a special place is reserved for special clothing, since it constantly contacts the body of a person, promotes the creation of a microclimate and protects against various unfavorable factors in the production environment. The purpose of this work is to conduct experimental studies to confirm the hypothesis about the possibility of applying radiation technologies for the disinfection of special clothing. The analysis of modern approaches to the disinfection of special clothing has been carried out, and certain deficiencies of these methods have been identified, for example, insulated clothing and clothing treated with special substances, washing is forbidden. It is proposed to carry out sterilization of overalls by a beam of accelerated electrons. The advantages of radiation treatment are determined-high ecological safety, low cost, and the product itself after treatment, subject to compliance with the technological regulations, is non-toxic. In order to determine which dose will be effective for the sterilization of clothing, an experiment was conducted to identify bacteria and microorganisms in special clothing materials, to disinfection with ionizing radiation and after. The advantages of numerical simulation in radiation technologies are presented in detail, which at present is one of the most powerful methods for calculating the dose map, absorbed dose, and range of charged particles. On the example of numerical simulation of gamma rays performed by GEANT4-convergence of simulation results and dosimetric measurements was 88-90%.

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Показники небезпечних та шкідливих чинників, що впливають на здоров'я людини, мають різну природу, тобто їх показники різні та вони мають різні шкали оцінювання, але на сьогодні не існує єдиної методики їх оцінювання, крім того різноманітність кваліметричних методів оцінювання вимагає глибокого наукового дослідження в частині оптимальності та ефективності. У статті запропоновано для оцінювання показників шкідливих чинників застосовувати залежності, які враховують максимальні, мінімальні та оптимальні значення і параметр форми, змінюючи який, можна отримувати різні оцінки на безрозмірній шкалі. Визначено три групи показників шкідливих чинників та побудовано для кожної групи залежності, що дозволило уніфікувати систему залежностей для оцінки показників шкідливих чинників. Проаналізовано переваги та недоліки системи залежностей. Суттєвим недоліком є невизначеність вибору параметру форми, оскільки від нього залежить оцінка показника на безрозмірній шкалі. Для визначення параметру форми запропоновано метод аналізу ієрархій, який ґрунтується на попарному порівнянні факторів, що дозволить отримувати достовірні значення. Зазначено, що перевагою застосування метод аналізу ієрархій для вибору параметра форми є мала кількість експертів, що дає можливість його застосування на виробництві при оцінюванні показників шкідливих чинників. Застосовуючи запропоновані коефіцієнти в якості параметра форми системи залежності дозволяють в кожному окремому випадку, в залежності від показника шкідливого чинника, рекомендувати жорсткіші чи слабші вимоги до показників. Проаналізовано небезпечні та шкідливі чинники у гарячому цеху машинобудівного підприємства та визначено їх допустимі норми згідно з нормативними документами. Запропонована апробація методики оцінювання показників шкідливих чинників. Графічно побудовано оцінку показників шкідливих чинників. На шкали нанесено максимально-допустимі та мінімально-допустимі значення показників шкідливих чинників. Визначено узагальнений показник шкідливих чинників для підстави приймати рішення стосовно подальших дій щодо поліпшення умов праці. Ключові слова: показник шкідливих чинників; параметр форми; метод аналізу ієрархії; узагальнений показник; шкала вимірювань; система залежності