No abstract

No abstract

The objective of the present study was to produce vegetable milk from lupine seeds as an alternative to natural milk in the yogurt like production. Lupine yoghurt like was made from in-permeate lupine extract fortified with different levels of milk protein concentrate (MPC) powder in comparison with cow-milk yoghurt. Where lupine milk was extracted from soaked legume lupine (Lupinus angustifolius) seeds using milk permeate (1Kg beans / 5 Kg permeate) and divided into 4 equal portions and fortified with MPC powder at level of nil, 1, 2 or 3%. All treatments were converted into yoghurt using 3% bacterial starter culture of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus (1:1). The results showed that, the addition of MPC to lupine extract led to increase in the total solids content of resultant yoghourts like. Also, cow yoghourt had significantly higher fat content than lupine yoghurt like. Adding MPC to the lupine yoghurt milk resulted in lower fat content. Cow yoghurt had lowest protein content while lupine yoghurt with 3% MPC showed the highest protein content. Crude fiber content of lupine yoghurt without MPC was found to be highest than other yoghurt treatments. Values of viscosity were increased more with ascending ratios of MPC in Lupine milk. Hardness and springiness values of all lupine yoghurt treatments were increased during cold storage and the increase in these two texture parameters were positively correlated to the MPC level. Str. theromphillus or Lb. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus count in yoghurt made from cow milk showed higher counts than that of lupine-milk yoghurt like. All samples were free from any contamination either with yeast or fungi organism whether when fresh or after 7 days of cold storage while they appeared after 14 days. All yoghurt were sensory acceptable especially that fortified with 3% MPC powder, which helped to beany flavor disappearing.

The present study aimed to assess the therapeutic effect of the unfermented and fermented cow; oat milk (CM, OM, FCM, and FOM) and fermented oat milk supplemented with 2% whey protein concentrate (FOM+WP) in diabetic rats. Alloxan was applied for inducing diabetes and hyperlipidemia in rats. The rats were randomly divided into two main groups. Control (-) (6 rats) were fed on a standard diet, while the second group (42 diabetics rats) were divided into six groups (6 rats each), and treated by different unfermented and fermented milk types by epigastric tube for 4 weeks. After four weeks, all treatments reduced the level of glucose, the serum levels of TC, TG and LDL-c compared to control (+) group and this was associated with a significant increase (p<0.05) in HDL-c in these groups. The highest significantly (p<0.05) decrease recorded in the groups fed with (OM) and (FCM), respectively. Liver enzymes activity decreased significantly (P˂0.05) in FOM + WP, FOM, FCM and OM groups, respectively. Feeding the rats on fermented oat milk fortified with whey protein led to decrease the fecal total anaerobes and fecal enterobacterial counts and stimulate the viability of both fecal lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in the intestinal colon, compared with other treatments. Histopathological examination of the liver sections showed no histopathological alteration in the hepatic parenchyma in (FOM+WP) group. (OM) and (FCM) groups showed no histopathological alteration and the islands of Langerhans cells were in normal size as well as the surrounding acini and ducts. In conclusion, treatment with oat milk led to curing hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in diabetic rats. Meanwhile, treatment with fermented oat milk fortified with whey proteins resulted in a better effect on the liver and improved the growth of the health-promoting intestinal microflora.

Effect of different ozonation dozes on some physicochemical and microbiological properties in raw and pathogens inoculated milk samples in comparison with conventional heat treatment with emphasis on pathogens was aimed to be investigated. Raw cow' milk was divided into eight equal portions, 1 st portion was heat treated at 72°C for 15 sec then rapidly chilled to room temperature. Other

Different types of drinking yoghurts were made with different types and concentrations of stabilizers. 6 treatments were made (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6) using 0.2% and 0.4% of different types stabilizers (pectin, guar gum, and mixture (1:1) of both pectin and guar gum) for production of other yoghurt drink treatments beside the control without any stabilizers. All treatments were stored up to 14 days at 5±1°C. Drinking yoghurt samples were evaluated for chemical, reholigical, microbiological and sensory attributes. No significant differences were observed in chemical and microbiological properties among control and treated samples. All drinking yoghurt contained levels of (10 6-10 7 cfu/g) lactic acid bacteria at the end of the refrigerated storage. Addition of stablizers showed significant differences in viscocitey and serum separation of final product. The effect was more obvious with using 0.2% stabilizer mixture (0.1% guar gum + 0.1% High Methoxy Pectin) than other all treatments. The drinking yoghurt containing 0.2% mix stabilizers (0.1% guar gum + 0.1% High Methoxy Pectin) ranked higher sensory scores than other treatments. The best drinking yoghurt that containing 50% yoghurt, 8% sugar and 42% water should be fortified with 0.2% mix stabilizers (0.1% guar gum + 0.1% High Methoxy Pectin)

No abstract

Domiati cheese was made from heated cow's milk with tow levels of salt (5% or 10%) with adding 1% activated commercial starter cultures of YC-X11 (Str. thermophilus and Lb. delbruekii ss. bulgaricus, T1), Bio Profit (Lb rhamnosus and Propio. freudenreichii ss. shermanii, T2) and LC 705 (Lb. casei, T3). Resulting cheeses were pickled into its own whey. The low-salted cheese was pickled for 6 months and the high-salted cheese after 9 months. Moisture, salt and yield of low and high-salt cheeses decreased with adding starter culture, while an increase was noticed in the acidity, soluble nitrogen (SN) and total volatile fatty acids (TVFA). High salt cheeses had significantly higher values for moisture, salt and yield with significantly lower acidity, SN and TVFA than low salt cheeses. The values of moisture, salt and yield gradually decreased during pickling while acidity, SN and TVFA significantly increased. Domiati cheese with starter culture had higher total bacterial count (TBC) than that of control being highest in T3. Increasing the salt in cheese milk resulted in lower TBC. Values of TBC increased in all samples during early pickling and then sharply decreased till the end. There was a remarkable inhibition in the growth of sporeforming bacteria and yeasts & moulds with adding starter culture. Sensory quality attributes of cheese improved with adding starter culture. Pickling of cheese up to different periods led to better flavour as well as body & texture but extending the period beyond caused lower quality. The rate of improvement was faster in cheese of low salt than that from 10% salted milk. Starter culture of Bio Profit (T2) produced cheese with typical ripened cheese flavour and texture and can be recommended for low or high-salt cheeses.