ObjectiveNigella sativa (N. sativa) has several pharmacological actions which include antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, antitussive, immunomodulator, analgesic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic, and bronchodilator. The purpose of this study is to measure the effectivity of N. sativa ethanol extract as anti-inflammation on peritoneal Wistar rat mast cells. The laboratory experiment was used to investigate the effectivity of N. sativa as an anti-inflammatory on mast cells. Six groups of mast cells were stimulated by C 48/80 to release histamine. Group 1 were without N. sativa, while group 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 were given N. sativa with concentrations of 0.1 mg/ml, 0.2 mg/ml, 0.3 mg/ml, 0.4 mg/ml and 0.5 mg/ml, respectively. Histamine concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorometry.ResultThe study showed that N. sativa ethanol extract effectively inhibit histamine release from peritoneal Wistar rat mast cells proportionally to its concentration. N. sativa is effective as an anti-inflammation on mast cells by inhibition of histamine release and has no toxic effect on mast cell. N. sativa could be considered as a potential therapy for asthma therapy and prevention.

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Zeolit adalah mineral aluminosilika berpori mikro sehingga memiliki permukaan yang luas. Permukaannya yang luas menyebabkan zeolit umum digunakan sebagai adsorben. Zeolit X termasuk dalam struktur Faujasit dan biasa mengikat kation natrium. Kation yang terikat pada zeolit dapat ditukar dengan kation lainnya, seperti kation logam transisi. Kation logam transisi seperti [Ag(NH3)2]+ biasa digunakan sebagai pendeteksi gugus aldehida atau biasa dikenal sebagai pereaksi Tollens. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyintesis komposit adsorben zeolit X/oksida perak dan zeolit X/oksida tembaga melalui reaksi Tollens. Komposit dikarakterisasi menggunakan scanning electron microscope menunjukkan permukaan milik komposit lebih kasar dari pada permukaan zeolit X. Bahan yang digunakan sebagai model untuk adsorpsi ialah, gas amonia. Komposit yang dihasilkan ada tiga jenis berdasarkan tahapan penambahan zeolit pada proses sintesis, yaitu setelah penambahan prekursor (komposit 1), setelah penambahan NH4OH (komposit 2), dan setelah pemanasan (komposit 3). Komposit yang dihasilkan mampu meningkatkan adsorpsi amonia hingga 2 kali lipat daripada zeolit X.

Abstract-Olives has been mentioned in holly books, Quran and Bible, as medicinal and good nutritional food. People using it as a herbal medicine for centuries. However, we concern about its toxicity to some organs tissues. In this study, we observed histopathological changes on stomach, liver and kidney tissues of BALB/c mice after administrated with ethanolic extract of olive leaves (OLE). Male BALB/c mice were divided into three groups. Each group subsequently orally administrated with phosphate buffer saline (group-I), or OLE (100 mg/kg (group-II); 200 mg/kg (group-III)) for ten consecutive days before necropsy. Mice were sacrificed next day and stomach, liver and kidney tissue were observed for histopathological changes using hematoxyline-eosin. Observation using Corel Photo PX7. Stomach mucosal epithelial damage were 1.9%, 3.2% and 1.7%, hepatocyte damages were 40%, 38.1%, 63,1%, Glomerular atrophy were 11.5%, 9.9% and 11,5%, kidney tissue bleeding area were 3.7%, 3.1%, 4.1% in group-I, -II and -III respectively. Ethanolic extract of local olive leaves have mucoprotective activity on stomach tissues, but at 200 mg/kg have a toxic effect on mice liver and kidney tissues.

Introduction: Infertility is a condition which is described by WHO as inability for having children after one year of relationship without birth control. this condition can be caused both from inside and outside the body. One of the major outside factors is exposure to chemical substances, which in this case nicotine substance that came from cigarettes. The CYP2A6 gene is a coding gene for the xenobiotic metabolic enzyme, in this case nicotine which can cause infertility in men. Mutations in this gene can lead to nicotine buildup, increasing nicotine effect thus increasing the risk of infertility in men. The aim of this study was to determine whether there were variations in the CYP2A6 gene in male infertile patients.Methods: The method used was the isolation of infertile and fertile sperm DNA samples (five samples each) which were then amplified at the target DNA (CYP2A6) by PCR method and then sequenced to see the nucleutide sequence.Result: The results of this study showed that there were variations in the CYP2A6 gene that occurred only in infertile patients, heterogeneous mutations in the 7788th(C-A), 8040th (C-T), 7661st (G­-C) nucleutide sequence of the CYP2A6 gene and SNP mutations in the 8250th(T>C), 8409th (T>G/C), and 8428th(C>T) nucleutide sequence of the CYP2A6 gene.Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that there are CYP2A6 variations that found only in infertile male patients.