Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are any product or service other than wood produced in the forest. NTFPs that are used by people around the forest are medicinal plants, resins, gums, essences and a series of bark and fibre, fruits and nuts. The study was conducted in Marancar Godang Village, Marancar District, South Tapanuli Regency, and North Sumatera. This study tries to find out, the dependence and significance of livelihoods from NTFPs for forest-dependent people. The study site has economic value for the utilization of non-timber forest products is 2,441,416,000,- IDR/year. The existence of forests is still a support for people’s lives in the economic field.
Non-timber forest product (NTFPs) that provide species are a substantial component of the agroforestry system in southern Tapanuli and contribute to local livelihoods. The aim of our study was to measure the annual economic contribution of NTFPs to local livelihoods. NTFPs such as Theobroma cacao L. Areca catechu, Archidendron pauciflorum, Aleurites moluccana (candlenut), Hevea braziliensis, Arenga pinnata, Cinnamomum sp are mostly collected from natural habit.The study site has contribution value for the utilization of non-timber forest products is 53.04% and provided a moderate increase in income to the people of Marancar Godang Village. The total contribution of NTFPs to annual household income was 2,441,416,000.00 IDR/year/households.
This study aims to determine the effect of the quality of human resources and the utilization of information systems on the internal control system in the Deli Serdang Regency OPD. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression, reliability test, validity test, normality test, heteroscedasticity test, multicollinearity test, t test and F test. The results of multiple linear regression test obtained Y = 1.652 + 0.173X1 + 0.393X3. Based on the reliability and validity test, all data were declared valid and reliable. And the results of the normality, heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity tests of the data showed normal results, there was no heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity. While the results of the partial test (t test) indicate that the quality of human resources has no significant effect on the internal control system of OPD Deli Serdang Regency but the use of information systems has a significant effect on the internal control system of OPD Deli Serdang Regency. While the results of the simultaneous test (F test) of the quality of human resources and the use of information systems have a significant effect on the internal control system of OPD Deli Serdang Regency. And the results of the coefficient of determination test show that 23.30% of the variables of the quality of human resources and the utilization of information systems can explain the influence of the variables of the internal control system.
This study aims to analyze the effects of transformational leadership, work-life balance, and the work environment on employee performance through work discipline at the Land Office of Medan City. The research design used in this study is a causal research design with a quantitative approach. The population of this study consists of 159 employees working at the Land Office of Medan City, and the sample size is 114 employees. The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data obtained through a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is structural equation modeling (SEM) with Smart PLS version 4.0 as the analytical tool. The results of the study show that transformational leadership has a positive and significant direct effect on employee performance. Transformational leadership also has a positive and significant direct effect on work discipline. Work-life balance has a positive but not significant direct effect on work discipline and employee performance. The work environment has a positive but not significant direct effect on employee performance, and it has a positive and significant direct effect on work discipline. Work discipline has a positive and significant direct effect on employee performance. Furthermore, the indirect effects test shows that work discipline mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and employee performance, as well as the relationship between the work environment and employee performance. However, work discipline does not mediate the relationship between work-life balance and employee performance. Keywords: Transformational Leadership, Work-Life Balance, Work Environment, Work Discipline, and Employee Performance.
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