The present study was undertaken to determine the residues of norfloxacin in muscle, liver and kidney of broiler chicken. On the basis of surveillance study, commonly used antibiotic norfloxacin was selected for quantifying the concentration in broiler chicken meat samples. The HPLC system was equipped with photodiode array and C18 hypersil column. The mobile phase consisting of 1 ml Ortho phosphoric acid (85 per cent v/v), 100 ml water HPLC grade with acitonitrile HPLC grade, 87:12 (v/v) then pH was adjusted to 2.0 with triethylamine HPLC Grade. The results indicated that out of 180 samples analysed, 3 liver samples of target stations, viz. T3, T6 and T10 were found positive for norfloxacin residues with concentrations of 2.00, 2.60 and 2.31 µg/kg, respectively. Samples collected from other target stations did not show residual concentration of norfloxacin in muscle, liver and kidney samples.
Background: Cyclophosphamide is commonly used against malignancies, such as leukemia and solid organ cancers. It can induce nephrotoxicity in cancer patients thereby complicating the initiation of chemotherapy. The study is to evaluate the effect of Phylllanthus fraternus against cyclophosphamide induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats.Methods: In this study, a total of 20 albino rats were divided into four groups of five each. Group I (normal control) received i.p. injection of normal saline. While, group II, III and IV received single dose (200 mg/kg b/w) of cyclophosphamide i.p. on day 1. Group III and IV received 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of aqueous extract of Phyllanthus fraternus respectively p.o. daily for 10 days. All the groups were fed with standard diet and water ad libitum. Serum levels of creatinine, urea and albumin were estimated. Histopathology of renal tissues was compared among the groups.Results: The renal parameters significantly improved in groups III and IV after 10 days of treatment with the extract. The histopathology study also supported the finding.Conclusions: The aqueous extract of Phyllanthus fraternus possesses protective effect against cyclophosphamide induced nephrotoxicity.
Objectives: This study was undertaken to investigate the possible protective effect of aqueous extract of Phyllanthus fraternus (AEPF) leaves against cyclophosphamide (CP) induced myocardial toxicity in rats.Methods: Wistar rats were given CP single intraperitoneally injection (200 mg/kg) on day 1 of the experiment and two doses of AEPF (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) p.o. daily for 10 days. Cardiac biomarker enzymes such as creatinine kinase (CK), CK isoenzyme MB, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase were determined. Histopathological examinations of the hearts were done.Results: CP treated groups exhibited significantly increased in cardiac biomarker enzymes. Treatment with AEPF prevented the elevation of these enzymes. Potential protective effect was also seen in histopathological examination of the heart characterized by decreased myocardium cell damages in AEPF treatment group.Conclusion: The study showed the protective role of AEPF against CP-induced myocardial injury. The possible role of antioxidant activity is anticipated.
Ringworm is a fungal infection that can affect humans and animals, causing hair loss and scaly skin. Cows are particularly prone to this infection, with symptoms often appearing on their head, neck, and other parts of the body. A recent study was conducted at LFC, Apollo College of Veterinary Medicine in Jaipur, and on various farms found that 20 cattle calves between three months to one year old had skin lesions and tested positive for Trichophyton sp. Treatment with a 2% liq. Povidone iodine application, followed by a topical application of Whitefield ointment twice a day for 15 consecutive days, resulted in full recovery for all affected cows.
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