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Property buying behavior is part of the development of financial behavior. This research will be focused on the buyers perspectives on residential and commercial properties in Bali Island of Indonesia. Rational and irrational factors are the factors underlying the property buying process. The Physical, Location, Environment, Finance factors were part of the rational; while Psychological (over-confidence, conservatism bias, information and familiarity, herd behavior, mental accounting, and loss aversion), Emotion, Intuitional, Socialization, Evaluation were the irrational part. The purpose of this study was, first, to determine the factors that distinguish buyers behavior toward purchasing a property; second, to determine the factors that distinguish buyers behavior between buyers intending to live in compared to those seeking to invest. The study sample consisted of individuals who are prospective buyers and those who have bought property in Bali. Data were analyzed using Discriminant Analysis. The results showed that only financial factor that had significant impact on buyer decisions. Furthermore, this study also showed that there were significant differences in factors between buyers intending to live in compared to those seeking to invest. The factor were psychology, emotion, intuitional, and evaluation.

Purpose This study aims to determine the causality of herding which was traced down to social and normative influences from first-home buyers represented by undergraduate students. Design/methodology/approach The Perception Alignment Hypothesis was used in this experimental research, and was conducted on a sample of 125 undergraduates studying finance representing first-home buyers. The experiment provides the subjects property brochures in Surabaya to appraise a value that they see fit for purchase. The subjects were given both social- and normative-induced treatments separately using information cascade, and their valuation shifts were recorded. Their valuations were then divided into three sections under the treatment groups, consisting of initial, “social’ and “normative’ valuations. Findings In contrast to previous findings, the results showed that first-home buyers succumbed to both social and normative influences, causing them to herd. Further analysis of the credibility of information was conducted and it showed that the undergraduates were only prone to social influence, whereas other aspects regarding normative influences must be further researched. Practical implications The decline of homeownership on a global scale is concerning, especially when 60% of the market represents young adults under the age of 35. This implies that both the government and property developers may need to enact strict measures to regulate property purchases. Originality/value This is the first experimental study on herding of Surabaya, Indonesia, mainly focusing on human behavior and information cascade. Thus, this study could be a viable reflection to future policies in Indonesia being made to answer actual demands in the residential market.

Purpose-The dual process of thinking between conscious processes and unconscious processes generate a different decision. Thinking consciously produces rational decisions. However, a person's cognitive limitation makes him or her simplify complex scenarios and think implicitly result in making decision in heuristics or rules of thumbs. This paper aims to evaluate patterns of decision-making relationships and dual motives for home purchasing by first home buyers and family life cycle in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach-Collecting data was done by distributing questionnaires to home buyers within three years (2013-2016). Further data were processed using ANOVA based on group of dual motives, time for buyer and family life cycle. Findings-The results show that buyers have consumption motives in buying a residence and they behave rational, while investors prefer to buy an apartment and tend to behave heuristics. Dual motives of time for buyers are not significant to decision model. Family life cycle is significant to decision model based on dual motives. Originality/value-This is an unpublished dissertation study to qualify for graduation.

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the effects of demographical factors (age, education and income); psychological factors which are future time perspective (FTP) and financial risk tolerance (FRT); along with financial literacy on retirement planning among female workers in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachThis study applies a quantitative approach, where primary data was acquired through online surveys to 529 workers in various locations in Indonesia. After data cleaning, the final sample size was 304. The PLS-SEM technique was utilised to assess the structural model in the study.FindingsThe results of this study show that income affects an individual's perspective towards the future. Financial literacy is confirmed to have a direct effect on retirement planning activity. Furthermore, financial literacy appears to be a significant mediator between demographical factors and FTP in affecting retirement planning. An individual's acceptance towards risk is also affected by financial literacy.Practical implicationsThe general public, especially female workers group who have no retirement funds, need to be educated on financial literacy. The government might need to encourage other parties and work together to financially educate the public, specifically regarding investments for retirement planning.Originality/valueMost previous studies on retirement planning focused on demographical factors in general, and not specifically on a certain group. Filling the gap of existing studies, this study specifically discusses retirement planning done by female workers in Indonesia. Women's role as a workforce, with their psychological conditions and financial literacy, makes for an interesting topic to be studied further in terms of retirement planning.

This study aim to determine financial literacy, financial risk tolerance, and financial socialization agents effect/influence on stock investment decisions in the millennial generation. The research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 400 millennial generation stock investors in Indonesia. The data analysis method by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the SmartPLS 3.2.7 program. The results show that financial literacy has a significant effect on investment decisions. Financial risk tolerance has significant effect on investment decisions, meanwhile financial socialization agents do not have a significant effect on investment decisions.

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This study aimed to determine the effect of demographic factors on credit card usage behavior. Demographic factors such as age, gender, income, education, marital status, according to some previous research has significant effect to credit card usage behavior, both it is related with spending activity with credit cards and also the pattern of payments in pay off credit card bills. Sampling was conducted on people  who  live  in  Surabaya, which  has  a  credit  card  either  as  primary and additional card holder. The data collection use questionnaires form, which is distributed to shopping center visitors in Surabaya. Descriptive analysis is used to decribe the demographic factors and credit card usage behavior. SEM-PLS test conducted  to  examine  the  effect  of  demographic factors  such  as  age,  gender, income, education, marital status on credit card usage behavior in Surabaya. The results showed demographic factors (age, income and marital status) significantly affect the credit card usage behavior (in terms of pay off credit card bills) in Surabaya.Keywords: Demographic Factors, Credit card usage behavior.