Abstract. Dharmayanti N, Anti A, Siregar RR, Sipahutar Y, Permadi A, Siregar AN, Salampessy RB, Sujuliyanti, Nurbani SZ, Purnamasari HB. 2021. Title. Biodiversitas 22: 373-378. Brown seaweeds have the potential to produce bioactive compounds. Bacteria associated with seaweeds are involved in the production of metabolites. Microbes may be present as a living symbiotic in association with other algae as epiphytes or endophytes. In this study, bacteria isolated from brown seaweed (Turbinaria conoides) were tested for antibacterial activity. A total of 14 bacteria were isolated, of which 6 were isolated from external tissue, while 8 from internal tissue. Results of an antagonistic test revealed that 7 isolates showed inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus and only 1 isolate showed the inhibition against both S. aureus and Escherichia coli. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis showed that the symbiont bacteria was Lactobacillus plantarum.
Kulit patin merupakan salah satu hasil samping industri perikanan memiliki kandungan senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai sumber alternatif kolagen mengandung aktivitas antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan aktivitas antioksidan yang terkandung dalam kolagen dari kulit ikan patin diekstraksi dengan enzim bromelin kasar dari kulit buah nanas. Kolagen dibuat dengan menggunakan enzim bromelin kasar dari kulit nanas dengan aktifitas 1.0 U/g dengan beberapa tahapan yaitu praperlakuan, deproteinase, degrasing dan ekstraksi, data perlakuan dengan kombinasi waktu perendaman dan kosentrasi enzim bromelin kasar, dengan waktu perendaman 3 jam, 3,5 jam dan 4 jam dan kosentrasi enzim bromelin kasar 0; 1,5; 2%, dianalisis dengan statistik menggunakan RAL faktorial. Hasil dari pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa kelarutan terbaik didapat pada perlakuan T3.E2 yaitu 98,96%, Viskositas terbaik yaitu 22,67 cP , derajat keasaman (pH) terbaik pada T1.E2 yaitu 6,73, berat molekul α1, α2, β dan γ adalah : 131,51 kda, 110,48 kda, 202,48 kda dan 243,93 kda, aktivitas antioksidan terbaik pada perlakuan T1.E3 yaitu 20,45 ferrous sulfate/g.
Limbah cangkang rajungan dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi kitosan yang dihasilkan dari proses deasetilasi kitin dengan basa kuat serta menggunakan suhu tinggi. Penggunaan suhu tinggi selama proses berisiko tinggi, sehingga produksi kitosan tanpa tahap pemanasan dapat menjadi solusi untuk mengurangi risiko kecelakaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memproduksi kitosan dari cangkang rajungan pada suhu ruang tanpa adanya pemanasan. Kitosan dibuat melalui tahapan- tahapan berikut yaitu deproteinasi, demineralisasi, dan deasetilasi. Proses pembuatan kitosan dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali ulangan pada waktu yang berbeda dengan metode yang sama dan terukur. Kitosan yang dihasilkan kemudian dikarakterisasi. Kitosan yang dihasilkan memiliki warna putih kekuningan, berbentuk serpihan dan tidak berbau, dengan kadar air 11,25–12,93%, kadar abu 1,62–1,75%, kadar nitrogen 5,12–5,45%, kadar lemak 0,25–0,49%, viskositas 37,50–38,33 cPs, kelarutan 99,50–99,57% dan derajat deasetilasi 57,64%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kitosan dapat dibuat tanpa menggunakan proses pemanasan dan memenuhi standar mutu kitosan komersial kecuali nilai derajat deasetilasi rendah. Pembuatan kitosan tanpa pemanasan diharapkan dapat diterapkan pada miniplant rajungan sehingga dapat memberi nilai tambah untuk cangkang rajungan.
Abstract. Dharmayanti N, Supriatna J, Abinawanto, Yasman. 2019. Isolation and partial characterization of Alginate from Sargassum polycystum of Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1776-1785. The utilization of Sargassum polycystum as an alternative alginate source may reduce the dependence on alginate import as currently alginate demands in Indonesia are 100% supplied from overseas. The purpose of this study was to characterize alginate extracted from Sargassum polycystum obtained from three locations with different ecological characteristics. Isolation of alginate was conducted through partial hydrolysis to separate guluronic acid and mannuronic acid followed by freeze-drying and then the parameters were measured qualitatively and quantitatively using FTIR. The results showed that alginate extracted from Sargassum polycystum collected from Lima Island, Ujung Kulon and Binuangeun were 11.48%, 18.62%, and 5.75%, respectively with the viscosity were 35 cP, 62.50 cP, and 81.33 cP, respectively. The test result of partial hydrolysis of alginate showed that guluronic block (GG) in the alginate polymer of Lima Island, Ujung Kulon and Binuangeun were 67.60%, 59.00%, and 41.40%, respectively. These relate to the nature of the gel formed. The alginate from Lima Island tends to be more rigid and less flexible than that from Ujung Kulon and Binuangeun. The findings of this study suggest that there are differences in the concentration of the components of mannuronate and guluronate of Sargassum polycystum across different locations in Banten, Indonesia.
Rejection of any foreign material that should not be included in the product (filthy) occurs in fish lemadang with various forms of products. The observe done in PT. Graha Insan Sejahtera, North Jakarta from 15 February until 15 May 2016. The purpose of observe was to determine the application of traceability<br />systems in the fish processing frozen lemadang portion and determine the ability of a search on the final product based on the code traceability. Method end the practice of using direct observation by participating in the process of traceability and interviews with sources (captains, tally, Quality Assurance or QA and Quality Control or QC). Implementation of traceability systems internally applied by Fish Processing Unit (UPI) based analysis system, the type of operation and methods of data traceability. Implementation of internal code traceability system starting from raw material to the acceptance stage weighing IV use 12-digit numbers and three letters or a combination of numbers and letters. At this stage of labeling up to loading using a product lot code. The application of an external traceability system on seven ships and three suppliers no implementing traceability systems. Search capability to the code portion lemadang frozen fish products with a known product quality is not traceable to get the code of raw materials and the quality of frozen fish lemadang. <br /><br />
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