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Background:Marginal leakage is the important factor influencing the maintenance of dental esthetic.Aim:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the preparation techniques and type of polymerization techniques on microleakage of composite laminate veneers.Materials and Methods:Ninety-one same sized, caries-free human maxillary central incisors were randomly assigned to 13 groups (n = 7) and were designed with four different preparation techniques (window type, feather type, bevel type, and incisal overlap type). One group determined as control group and any preparation was applied. Nanohybrid resin composite was used for restoration. Composite laminate veneers polymerized with three different techniques (direct light curing, indirect polymerization with a combination of pressure, light and heat using a light cup and heat cup, direct polymerization, and additionally heat cured in an oven). The specimens were thermocycled, and then immersed in 5% basic fuchsine solution. Following 24 h, all specimens were immersed in 65% nitric acid solutions for volumetric dye extraction test. Samples diluted with distilled water and centrifuged and microleakage determined by a spectrophotometer.Statistical Analysis Used:Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey honest significant difference post hoc multiple comparisons test (P < 0.05).Results:For comparing the microleakage value of preparation and polymerization techniques, Window type preparation showed a significant difference in direct polymerization + additional cured group (P < 0.05). Control group was statistically different from the other groups (P < 0.05).Conclusions:Window type laminate preparation can be preferred in indirect polymerization technique because it caused less leakage in this present study.

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Objective: The present study aimed at investigating obesity prevalence and related factors in medical students in Kayseri. Materials and Methods:A total of 849 medical students were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected using a questionnaire form. Body weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences were measured. Statistical data analysis was performed with chi-square test and logistic regression analysis.Results: Of the 849 students, 52.8% were males and mean age was 21.37±1.95 years. More than half of them (64.7%) ate three meals a day, while 78.9% skipped meals; 22.4% ate fast food for more than two times a week, 36.9% consumed soft drinks everyday, and 35.3% had a habit of eating at night. Prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity was 22.9% (31.3% males and 13.5% females), 2.5% (4.0% males and 0.7% females) and 23.2% (37.5% males and 7.2% females), respectively, the values being significantly higher in males than in females. For obesity, being male, age ≥22 years, living in a dormitory, not eating fruits and vegetables everyday were determined to be risk factors; and for central obesity, being male, age ≥22 years, not eating fruits and vegetables everyday and eating fast food for more than two times a week were determined to be risk factors.Conclusion: Turkish medical students have unhealthy nutritional habits. Male students are at higher risk for obesity and central obesity than are female students. The consciousness of being an example to the community in terms of health and nutrition should be constituted in medical students.

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Composite restorative materials are constantly being developed due to the demand of patients for aesthetically attractive healthy smiles.In order to achieve aesthetic, composite resin should mimic the natural tooth in both colour match and colour stability. In this regard, colour stability is one of the main concerns, especially when restoring anterior teeth. Evaluation of colour stability and discoloration is a widely used measurement tool that rates the success and failure of composite restorative materials in clinical practices. 1,2 Several factors such as inorganic filler, particle size, resin matrix, photoinitiator and light-curing unit affect discoloration. 3,4