To estimate association of depression and anxiety scores with oocyte and sperm numbers and pregnancy rates during in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment, 80 Turkish couples were administered the Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety and Beck Depression Inventories. A significant correlation (r = -.25) obtained between Depression and women's oocyte pickup data and number of oocytes, showed that low oocyte numbers w ere associated with higher Depression. No significant relation was found for sperm counts with Anxiety and Depression scores on the day of oocyte pickup and sperm collection, but sperm motility was weakly and inversely correlated with Depression scores. Women with high State Anxiety score on the oocyte pickup day had significant lower pregnancy rates, as did those with higher Depression. Counseling of couples by health professionals on fertility-related issues to be implemented in IVF units is advisable.

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The purpose of present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of counseling provided by nurses on depression and coping strategies of infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization (N=67). Of the 84 women who were interviewed, 30 were accepted as a comparison group, and 37 were included in the study group. The study group women were given counseling in addition to routine nursing care services, including group education and individual interviews about treatment and coping strategies. The nurses also provided support by accompanying the women during the invasive procedures. The Beck Depression Inventory and Jalowiec's Coping Strategies Form were used for measurements. All the women were using emotional coping and had moderate depression prior to the study. There was no statistically significant difference between the comparison and study groups before or after the counseling with respect to depression and coping strategies. Parameters to evaluate the efficacy of counseling are discussed.

Sex of the baby is an important fantasy object for pregnant women. The objective of this study was to assess the preferences of women for their infants' sex. In this study, 99 primiparous women were included, and accordance of their desires with the newborns' actual sex and feelings about it were examined. All of the mothers were newly delivered and had healthy newborns (53 girls, 46 boys). Before birth, 49 (49.5%) mothers prefered to have a daughter, 25 (25.3%) mothers prefered to have a son, and 25 (25.3%) mothers reported no preferences about the infant's sex, a statistically significant preference for girls. There was no significant difference in the reported emotions of women according to sex preference and its concordance with infants' actual sex after delivery. It is considered that the timing of the interview might be a strong predictor for this result.

ÖZET GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ:Bu çalışmanın amacı, hematolojik kanser tanısı almış ve kemoterapi tedavisi görmekte olan hastalarda distres, anksiyete ve depresyon yaşama durumlarını belirlemektir. YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Tanımlayıcı kesitsel tipte yapılan çalışmanın örneklemini, hematolojik kanser tanısı almış, hematoloji servisine yatışı yapılan veya ayaktan kemoterapi tedavisi görmekte olan 75 bireyden oluşmaktadır. Hastalara kişisel bilgi formu, Distres Termometresi (DT) ve Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Skalası (HADS) testleri uygulandı. BULGULAR: DT'ye göre 52 hastanın (%69,3) yüksek stres (≥4) yaşadığı, 23 hastanın (%30,7) düşük stres (<4) yaşadığı belirlenmiştir. HAD ölçeğine göre, HAD-Anksiyete alt boyutu açısından 17 hastanın (%22,7) 10 ve üzeri olduğu belirlenmiştir. HAD-Depresyon alt boyutu açısından 47 hastanın (%62,7) 7 ve üzeri olduğu belirlenmiştir. DT ve HAD skalaları arasında pozitif yönlü korelasyon vardır. Bayanların anksiyete puan ortalamasının, erkeklerin anksiyete puan ortalamasından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: Hastaların büyük çoğunluğu tanı anından itibaren tedavi süreci boyunca distres yaşamaktadır. Hastaların distresi artıkça anksiyete ve depresyon seviyeleri de artmaktadır. Böylece hastaların fiziksel ve emosyonel yakınmaları artarken, tedaviye uyum zorlaşmakta, hastane yatış süreleri artmakta ve hastanın yaşam kalitesi azalmaktadır. Psikolojik sıkıntı yaşayan hastaların gözden kaçmaması, tespit edilmesi ve yönlendirilmesi için ve nicel olarak ölçüm yapan, zaman almayan tarama ölçekleriyle hastaların rutin olarak değerlendirilmesi literatür ışığında önerilmektedir.

Background:The treatment and hospitalization of psychiatric patients has been a dilemma for many years. Many countries have different specific legislations regarding the hospitalization and treatment of mental patients.Objective: In the current study, 4100 voluntary/involuntary psychiatric admissions and readmissions to a university hospital in Turkey were investigated, and patient groups were compared in terms of demographic variables and psychiatric diagnoses based on DSM IV-TR. Methods: The records of patients who had been hospitalized approximately 4-6 weeks were reviewed by two psychiatrists, and the patients were then divided into groups on the basis of single/multiple admissions and voluntary/involuntary admissions. The groups were compared based on psychiatric diagnoses. Results: Schizophrenia was the most common diagnosis in 71.5% (n = 865) of patients with multiple admissions. The second most common diagnosis was bipolar affective disorder with 13.1% (n = 159). The rate of schizophrenia in both voluntary and involuntary hospitalizations was significant (34.5% and 54.6%, respectively). However, depression, the second most common diagnosis requiring hospitalization with a rate of 23.2% of voluntary hospitalizations, accounted for only 3.7% of involuntary hospitalizations. Conclusion: Males constituted almost 75% of the single admission group. This difference may result from the socioeconomic and cultural profile of Turkey, as mental disorders make marriage impossible and are hidden in females suffering from them. Different findings from different cultures on single/multiple admissions and voluntary/involuntary admissions of patients lead to the conclusion that specific legislation covering treatment or hospitalization for mental disorders is needed in every country.

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