Lipossomas são vesículas constituídas de uma ou mais bicamadas INTRODUÇÃOAlec Bangham há 40 anos com sua observação pioneira de que fosfolipídeos em soluções aquosas podem formar estruturas fechadas em bicamadas, permitiu que a pesquisa sobre os lipossomas percorresse um longo caminho, convertendo-os de simples objetos de pesquisa biofísica em carreadores terapêuticos para numerosas aplicações clínicas (Torchilin, 2005).Os primeiros resultados das pesquisas foram, entre-

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The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of quercetin against clinical isolates of Staphyloccocus aureus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus with resistance profile. The antibacterial activity of quercetin was performed by the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) through the microdilution method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The percentage of inhibition of Staphylococcus spp. biofilm, after treatment with sub-inhibitory concentrations of quercetin (MIC/2 and MIC/4), was evaluated by the violet crystal assay. Quercetin showed an antimicrobial activity against clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible S.

Polylactic acid nanocapsules of clofibride containing soybean oil (SO) or medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) as the oil core were prepared. The in-vitro drug release kinetic profiles were determined and compared to those of a clofibride submicron emulsion using two different kinetic techniques: the bulk equilibrium reverse dialysis sac technique, and the centrifugal ultrafiltration technique. The former technique was shown to be inadequate for in-vitro kinetic comparison purposes as a result of drug diffusion limitations through the dialysis membrane. The latter technique yielded rapid in-vitro release profiles of clofibride from both emulsion and nanocapsule delivery systems under perfect sink conditions although a consistent lower maximum drug amount was released from the MCT nanocapsules as compared to the corresponding emulsion. This was attributed to the relatively higher aqueous solubility of MCT as compared to SO. This comparative study, carried out, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time, clearly showed that both colloidal carriers behave similarly with respect to drug release despite their different morphological characteristics. The kinetic results clearly exclude either the use of submicron emulsion or of nanocapsules as colloidal controlled release delivery systems for any administration route where perfect sink conditions should prevail.

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Este estudo se propõe a avaliar o perfil farmacocinético de comprimidos contendo lamivudina e zidovudina associados, produzidos pelo Laboratório Farmacêutico do Estado de Pernambuco-LAFEPE. O medicamento foi administrado em 10 voluntários sadios e foram observadas as concentrações plasmáticas dos dois anti-retrovirais durante 12 horas. A partir das concentrações plasmáticas foi possível encontrar os parâmetros farmacocinéticos de ambos os fármacos através de cálculos estatísticos. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com aqueles resultantes de experimentos realizados por outros autores descritos neste trabalho, em que se verificou não haver diferenças significativas entre os valores encontrados e os descritos na literatura e que o fato dos anti-retrovirais estarem associados na mesma formulação não modificou o perfil cinético de nenhuma das substâncias.

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