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Nyamuk memiliki peran penting sebagai vektor penyakit menular seperti demam berdarah dengue, malaria, filariasis, demam kuning, dan chikungunya sehingga keberadaan nyamuk perlu dikontrol. Pengawasan tempat perindukan nyamuk akan membantu pihak berwenang untuk merancang pengendalian kepadatan nyamuk. Pertumbuhan larva nyamuk dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan seperti suhu air, kelembapan udara, dan pH air. Kondisi tersebut dapat bervariasi karena perbedaan geografis, variasi musiman, atau bahkan perubahan iklim.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kontainer potensial dan kondisi lingkungannya sebagai tempat perindukan nyamuk di Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor. Penelitian deskriptif dilakukan dengan mengamati larva nyamuk dalam wadah air baik di dalam maupun di luar gedung fakultas. Kondisi lingkungan (pH, suhu dan kelembapan) diukur dan dicatat selama pengamatan untuk setiap kontainer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 582 kontainer yang diteliti terdapat 72 (12,4%) positif larva nyamuk. Kontainer yang paling potensial di dalam bangunan adalah ember, sedangkan di luar bangunan adalah bambu Aedes sp. Mendominasi penemuan larva di lapangan. Suhu air rerata yang diperoleh adalah 24,3 o C, kelembapan 66,7% dan pH 8,1. Kondisi suhu dan pH sesuai dengan kondisi optimum perkembangan larva pada umumnya. Sementara tingkat kelembapan yang lebih rendah (kelembapan 81,6-89,5%) masih mampu membuat larva nyamuk tumbuh dengan baik di Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor.

Background: Pediatric urinary tract infection (UTI) should become attention due to high prevalence, severe complication, and high cost treatment. Bacterial pattern and its susceptibility are different in every region.The objective of this study was to discover pattern of bacteria causing UTI and their susceptibility to antibiotics. Methods: This study was an observational descriptive study. The data was obtained from medical records and susceptibility testing results of pediatric UTI in Department of Child Health at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in period of 2014. Data taken was presented in table.Results: There were 26 cultures which had microbiological findings among 79 cultures taken from 106 patients with UTI. The majority of findings were Escherichia coli (10 cases), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4 cases), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (4 cases). Antibiotic classes with high susceptibility level were aminoglycoside, sulfonamide, and fluoroquinolone. Resistance level were higher in cephalosporin class than others. Conclusions: Most common bacterial found are Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiellapneumoniae. The result of susceptibility testing for cultures shows variance of susceptibility pattern to antibiotics in pediatric patients with

AbstrakDemam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan masalah kesehatan dunia. Upaya pencegahan DBD dengan cara penggunaan temephos/abate telah lama digunakan. Istiana, dkk. melaporkan bahwa telah terjadi resistensi larva Aedes aegypti terhadap temephos di berbagai belahan dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Minyak atsiri kulit batang kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) telah terbukti memiliki efek larvasida dan dapat dijadikan sebagai insektisida alternatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efek larvasida antara minyak atsiri kulit batang kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) dengan temephos terhadap larva Aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi desain eksperimental laboratorik. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 20 ekor larva Aedes aegypti instar III-IV yang diuji pada 4 kelompok perlakuan dengan 4 kali pengulangan. Data yang diambil adalah jumlah kematian larva Aedes aegypti yang diamati setelah diberi perlakuan selama 24 jam. Analisis data hasil penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan program analisis statistik. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada kematian larva akibat perlakuan minyak atsiri dan abate dengan nilai p<0,001. Persentase kematian kontrol negatif (0%), emulsifier (2,5%), minyak atsiri (22,5%), dan abate (100%). Efektifitas larvasida abate lebih baik secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan minyak atsiri kulit batang kayu manis. AbstractDengue fever is a major health issue in the world. Preventive measure with temephos/abate has long been used to combat this problem. Istiana et al reported that there were cases of resistance of Aedes aegypti larvae to temephos in various parts of the world, including Indonesia. Indonesian Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) has been proven to possess larvacide effect and can be used as an alternative insecticide. This research was meant to compare the larvacide effect of Indonesian cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) essential oil to the larvacide effect of temephos against Aedes aegypti larvae. This research used laboratory experimental design analysis. The total number of samples were 20 larvae of Aedes aegypti at 3rd and 4th instar which were tested four times on each four experimental groups. The collected data were the total number of Aedes aegypti larva deaths observed 24 hours after the variables were applied. The analysis of the results was done by using statistic analysis program. There were significant differences on larva deaths due to the essential oil and abate variables with p value<0.001. The results were as follows: negative control death (0%), emulsifier (2.5%), essential oil (22.5%), and abate (100%). The larvacide effectiveness of abate is significantly better than that of Indonesian cinnamon essential oil.