This article is based on the scientific literature about Russian innovative economy. It has the new conceptual content of innovative activity. The works of the native and foreign scientists are investigated and analysed in it and six main schools of sciences are presented there. The concepts of "innovations", "the innovative environment", "the innovative process", "the innovative activity" and their impact on the national innovative system are articulated there. In its turn this system has to create legislative and normative bases which interact with the system of the generation, the distribution, the introduction and the knowledge and results use and also with the innovative activity infrastructure, with the education, production and market spheres. Thus we confirm that the national innovative system has to lead the country to an innovative way as by dint of the national innovative system institutes the innovations have to be concentrated and directed where they are necessary. Also, the questions under consideration of these articles emphasize that the innovations are the main condition of the national economy economic growth of Russia. The question is carrying-out of priority innovative programs and projects, an increase of the scientific development use, manufacturing application of fundamental and applied researches results. It is important because of the innovative activity in Russia has increased under the influence of a great demand of scientific and technical products from the state and non-state sector of economy. Also it is important to accent that the innovative activity is of territorial natural though the regional innovative processes are inseparably linked with the solution of the national scientific and technological problems.
The modern factors of development of the country's economy require interdetermination and interdependence of the study of issues of planning of balance of innovative and investment activities, which has a very important meaning for economic systems and determines the scientific interest in this topic. The purpose of this article is the study of theoretical and methodological aspects of planning of well-balanced development of innovative and investment activities and development of practical recommendations, aimed at the increase of efficiency of economic systems. In order to achieve this purpose, the authors used economic and statistical methods of research and methods of economic & comparative analysis. Methodological and practical development was based on the following approaches: process, program-oriented, complex and structural & logical, and methods of comparison and modeling. The authors distinguish the determinants of planning of well-balanced development of innovative and investment activities of economic systems, which, unlike the existing approaches, allowed forming the system of targeted landmarks and limitations which guaranteed the optimal conditions for effective functioning and development of economy of macro-, meso-and micro-levels; the authors offer a program-oriented approach to the well-balanced development of innovative and investment activities of economic systems, the novelty of which consists in the fact that it is used as a modern technology of planning which facilitates solving tasks of limited and creative type, which, in its turn, creates possibilities for creation and support for balance between the volume of investments and development of investment activity. Besides, these recommendations as to formation of balance of investments for the purpose of increase of efficiency of innovative activity contain methods and means for solving problems of well-balanced development and allow implementing analytical, synthetic, and practical interests of all economic subjects in the process of systemic adaptation to the changes of external conditions. The recommendations, formulated in the research, may be used in the work of federal and regional authorities; in the process of improvement of innovative and investment activities of economic subjects of micro-level.
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