Chicken pox in the Russian Federation in recent years has maintained a consistently high level of rating in the structure of infectious diseases and the magnitude of economic damage from infectious diseases.Purpose:was to assess the epidemiological features of chicken pox in adults over 18 years in the Voronezh region.Methods.Materials the study was of the form of Federal state statistical supervision over 2006 – 2017 years. The method of retrospective epidemiological analysis was used. Statistical data processing was performed using Microsoft Excel.Results.In recent years, in the Voronezh region there has been an increase in the incidence and hospitalization of adults diagnosed with varicella. In persons older than 18 years, more severe course and complications were observed. Cases of varicella were reported as an infection related to medical care. The sources of infection for nosocomial cases were pregnant women and healthcare professional.Conclusions.In order to prevent introduction and spread of chicken pox in medical organizations of the region it is necessary to consider the immunization of contingents at risk. It requires the introduction of a permanent statistical monitoring of individuals with a diagnosis of «Shingles».
Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated a steadily growing trend in the prevalence of obesity around the world. The objective of this study was to assess obesity incidence rates among various age groups of the population of the Voronezh Region in 2010–2017. Materials and methods: We used official data of the Voronezh Regional Information Fund, Registration Form No. 12 of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, as well as outpatient cards and medical histories of 685 adults and 269 adolescents. Results: We established that the number of obese adults prevailed. The study period of 2010–2017 was characterized by a steady increase in the incidence and prevalence rates of obesity across all age groups of the population: we observed a 1.5, 2.6 and 4.5-fold rise of the incidence rates in children, adolescents and adults, respectively; the percent increase in the prevalence rates was slightly lower and amounted to 34.51% in children, 70.09% in adolescents, and 146.50% in adults. The highest obesity rates were registered among adolescents: 5.02% of them were obese and the study of a random sample confirmed the official statistics. At the same time, the results of the random obesity study in adults demonstrated a tenfold excess of the registered rate. Ranking of the territory of the Voronezh Region by obesity prevalence rates and the analysis of long-term average rates of increase in overall morbidity over the study period showed uneven distribution of obesity by administrative districts of the region in all population groups. Conclusions: The study demonstrated a pronounced upward trend in the incidence of obesity in all population groups of the Voronezh Region and underreporting of this pathology in the adult population of the region. Both findings indicate the need for immediate evidence-based actions aimed at managing the incidence based on data on the actual prevalence of the pathology, identifying the leading risk factors, adjusting diet and physical activity of various population groups, and assessing the efficiency of preventive measures.
The aim of the work was to study the history of the formation of the sanitary service in the Voronezh region in the XVIII–XIX centuries. The material of the research was archival materials of the State Archives of the Voronezh Region, the Voronezh Regional Universal Scientific Library named after I.S. Nikitin. The article presents the main historical stages in the development of the sanitary and epidemiological service of the period of the 18th — 19th centuries. Brief information about the first doctors on the territory of the Voronezh province, the raging epidemics of scurvy, typhus, and plague is presented. The most terrible disease that the population of the Voronezh province faced in the first quarter of the 18th century was the plague. Anti-epidemic measures to combat the plague included the establishment of strong outposts and quarantines on the roads, the burning of houses with belongings, horses and cattle, the delay of couriers and the reception of letters through fire with their three times rewriting, the death penalty if the above measures were violated. In the 18th century, the first hospital for the civilian population was opened in the Voronezh region. Medical institutions were poor, poorly equipped, there was an acute shortage of personnel and medical supplies. In 1797, medical boards were organized in the provincial cities, consisting of an inspector, an obstetrician and an operator. The general supervision of hospitals, keeping records of infectious diseases, monitoring the quality of food, conducting forensic medical examinations, and examining patients was entrusted to the council. In the 19th century, cholera became widespread among the population. To prevent the incidence of smallpox, vaccination of the population was carried out since 1802. At the beginning of the 19th century, the replenishment of medical personnel in the Voronezh province was due to midwives. The situation with medical personnel changed only towards the end of the 19th century. The end of the century is characterized by a significant increase in socially significant infectious diseases, especially tuberculosis, syphilis.
Introduction: The number of greenhouse vegetable businesses has been increasing recently. Most tasks in the greenhouses are still done manually and associated with physical stress. Our objective was to study characteristics of the circulatory and muscular systems of female greenhouse workers in the course of their work and depending on the length of service at the enterprise. The materials included some indices of the functional state of the organism of greenhouse workers growing vegetables such as the heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, muscle strength and endurance of the right hand in the process of harvesting and removing plant debris. The statistical data processing was performed using the Microsoft Excel 2016 software. The results of the study showed that the work of greenhouse vegetable growers caused gradual changes in the functioning of the cardiovascular and neuromuscular systems of the body. The most significant increase in the heart rate and blood pressure and the decrease in muscle strength and endurance were observed among the greenhouse workers with 15 or more years of work experience. We also observed a significant decrease in muscle strength of the right hand among the workers with the shortest record of service (< 5 years). The study of the functional state of the cardiovascular and muscular systems helped establish the most potentially efficient group of greenhouse vegetable growers: the smallest fluctuations of the measured indices were observed in the women with 6-9 years of service. Conclusions: Our findings prove the necessity of systematic science-based measures of disease prevention in female greenhouse employees.
Relevance. In recent years, the increase in the incidence of pertussis has been observed in many countries despite high vaccination coverage of the child population.Purpose: was to study the epidemiological features of whooping cough in the Voronezh region for the period from 2008 to 2018 years.Methods. The research material was data the annual form No. 2, 5, 6 of Rosstat for 2008 through 2018. Statistical data processing was performed using Microsoft Excel 2007.Results. The epidemiological features of pertussis in the Voronezh region for the period from 2008 to 2018 have been studied. Despite the high coverage of preventive vaccinations in children of the first years of life, in recent years, the incidence of pertussis increased the average Russian rates by 3,5 times. In the age structure of the diseased there was a tendency to increase the proportion of schoolchildren and adults. Analysis of the reports showed that half of the cases were vaccinated at the prescribed age, but the interval after vaccination before the illness was an average of 9 years.Conclusions. In recent years, there has been a tendency to an increase in the incidence of whooping cough in the Voronezh region. The incidence of vaccinated indicates the natural extinction of post-vaccination immunity to school age and requires a decision on the introduction of revaccination of schoolchildren with actual acellular vaccines.
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