The aim of the work was to study the history of the formation of the sanitary service in the Voronezh region in the XVIII–XIX centuries. The material of the research was archival materials of the State Archives of the Voronezh Region, the Voronezh Regional Universal Scientific Library named after I.S. Nikitin. The article presents the main historical stages in the development of the sanitary and epidemiological service of the period of the 18th — 19th centuries. Brief information about the first doctors on the territory of the Voronezh province, the raging epidemics of scurvy, typhus, and plague is presented. The most terrible disease that the population of the Voronezh province faced in the first quarter of the 18th century was the plague. Anti-epidemic measures to combat the plague included the establishment of strong outposts and quarantines on the roads, the burning of houses with belongings, horses and cattle, the delay of couriers and the reception of letters through fire with their three times rewriting, the death penalty if the above measures were violated. In the 18th century, the first hospital for the civilian population was opened in the Voronezh region. Medical institutions were poor, poorly equipped, there was an acute shortage of personnel and medical supplies. In 1797, medical boards were organized in the provincial cities, consisting of an inspector, an obstetrician and an operator. The general supervision of hospitals, keeping records of infectious diseases, monitoring the quality of food, conducting forensic medical examinations, and examining patients was entrusted to the council. In the 19th century, cholera became widespread among the population. To prevent the incidence of smallpox, vaccination of the population was carried out since 1802. At the beginning of the 19th century, the replenishment of medical personnel in the Voronezh province was due to midwives. The situation with medical personnel changed only towards the end of the 19th century. The end of the century is characterized by a significant increase in socially significant infectious diseases, especially tuberculosis, syphilis.
The purpose of the study is to determine the role of telecommunication technologies in increasing the efficiency of Voronezh Regional Clinical Center for Disaster Medicine. Materials and methods of research. The data contained in analytical reports and other documentation of the Center for 2018-2020 in terms of identifying patterns of their change with the introduction of telecommunications technologies were analyzed. Results of the study and their analysis. Introduction of telemedicine technologies in the work of the Center resulted in increase of volume of rendering of medical care by its specialists. The neurosurgeons were the most demanded specialists, who performed telemedical consultations, which is mostly related to the necessity of performing consultations for the doctors of trauma centers of the II and III levels, engaged in treatment of victims of car accidents. Voronezh Regional Clinical Center for Disaster Medicine plans to further expand the use of telecommunication technologies not only in treating victims of road accidents, but also victims of other man-made and natural emergencies.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the results of the work of the territorial center for disaster medicine of the Voronezh region to improve the organization of medical care for patients with suspected and confirmed new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in 2020. Materials and research methods. The study was based on: data on the provision of medical care to patients with community-acquired pneumonia of unknown infectious etiology and with a confirmed new coronavirus infection COVID-19, who were hospitalized in medical organizations of the Voronezh region; information about the routing of patients to medical organisations; data on monitoring bed fund and equipment, as well as information on the continuity and outcomes of treatment in patients of these categories. Research results and their analysis. Analysis of the research results showed: creation in the Voronezh region of the system of staged medical care for patients with suspected and confirmed new coronavirus infection COVID-19 and a three-level system of medical care for this category of patients contributed to their early detection and effective treatment; monitoring system for patients with COVID-19 allows to determine optimal routing for each patient in order to provide timely specialized, including high-tech, medical care; change in the routing of patients with COVID-19 in the region in order to provide high-tech medical care to as many patients as possible fully justifies the use of helicopter with a resuscitation module and a transport isolation box combined with it.
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