The use of Nd-YAG laser and PDL appears to be safe and effective measures in treatment of erythemato-telangiectatic rosacea. Both types of laser decrease the concentration of substance (P) in the skin. This effect is more pronounced with Nd-YAG laser.

To determine the efficiency of image analysis in immunohistochemical progesterone receptor (PgR) measurement, 94 primary breast carcinoma tissue samples were evaluated for PgR by biochemical dextran-coated charcoal assay (DCC) and an immunohistochemical method. Frozen sections immunostained for PgR with a monoclonal antibody (Abbott PgR-ICA, Chicago, IL) and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique were scored semiquantitatively histologic score by microscopy and quantitatively (percentage nuclear area immunopositivity [PNA] using the CAS 200 image analyzer (Cell Analysis Systems, Elmhurst, IL). There was a positive correlation between dextran-coated charcoal assay and both histologic score (r = 0.82) and PNA (r = 0.69). Selected cutoff points of 60 histologic score and 6.5% PNA based on sensitivity/specificity calculations yielded a predictive value of a negative test of 73% and 80%, respectively, and a positive predictive value of 100% for both; ranges of fmol/mg protein PgR correspond to ranges of histologic score and PNA. The use of an image analyzer to measure PNA in PgR-immunostained sections is a viable alternative to dextran-coated charcoal assay, especially when insufficient fresh tissue is available.

Introduction: chondroid lipoma is a rare, benign lipomatous tumor that may be mistaken histologically for a liposarcoma or chondrosarcoma. Herein, two cases of chondroid lipoma are reported in two Egyptian females aged 38 and 51 years and literature about this rare tumor briefly reviewed with discussion of diagnostic criteria that may help distinguish it from other tumors with overlapping histologic features. case series: the tumor was subcutaneous in both cases. One was located in the right knee area, the other in an infra-mammary location on the right side of the chest. Grossly, both neoplasms were encapsulated and exhibited a nodular, myxoid cut surface. Histologically, they consisted of an abundant myxoid and chondroid stroma interspersed by small round cells with eosinophilic or vacuolated cytoplasm, signet ring lipoblast-like cells, adipocytes and foci of mature adipose tissue. Immunohistochemically, diffuse reactivity of the neoplastic cells for vimentin and variable reactivity for s-100 protein were present in both cases. One case also showed focal immunoreactivity for cD68. the

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Introduction A putative role for progesterone in the growth of meningioma has been suggested. The aim of this study was to attest the role of progesterone receptor (PR) in predicting the biological behaviour of meningioma. Materials and methodsThe immunohistochemical expression of PR in meningioma was studied. Cell kinetic using the Ki-67/MIB-1 labelling index (LI) was evaluated and correlated to PR expression.Results This study included 30 cases of meningioma, 15 (50%) recurrent and 15 (50%) nonrecurrent. PR expression was significantly more common in benign meningioma (BM) than atypical meningioma (AM) and malignant meningioma (MM). The mean Ki-67/MIB-1 LI was significantly the highest in MM, high in AM and lowest in BM. In PR-negative meningioma, the mean Ki-67/MIB-1 LI was significantly higher compared with PR-positive meningioma. In the recurrent group, PR was more frequently immunonegative and the mean Ki-67/MIB-1 LI was higher than that in the nonrecurrent group. The difference in PR expression between nonrecurrent and recurrent cases was significant only in BM. The difference in Ki-67/MIB-1 LI was significant only when the recurrent meningioma was compared with nonrecurrent tumour, irrespective of the grade.Conclusion BM expresses PR more than AM and MM. The absence of this expression in BM implies a likely risk for recurrence. Ki-67/MIB-1 LI is valuable to predict tumour grade and the overall risk of recurrence. However, it must be interpreted with caution in BM.

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Background: Urinary bladder carcinoma (UBC) is one of the most common malignancies in Egypt and all over the world. TGFB levels in plasma and urine were proved to connote predictive and prognostic attributes in UBC patients. Furthermore, Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are now recognized as a key player in carcinogenesis. Yet, TGFΒ1 expression in CAFs of UBC had not been elucidated. Moreover, TGFB1 targeted therapy is now emerging with potential benefits for TGFB1 expressing cancers. Aim of the study: we dedicated this study to explore potential implications of TGFB1 immunohistochemical expression in CAFs of UBC by correlating it to relevant clinical and pathological data. Material and methods: This retrospective study included 48 UBC specimens. Different tumor grades were presented in balanced groups. TGFB1 immunohistochemical expression was evaluated, categorized as low or high and compared in CAFs among different UBC grades, statistical analysis of the results was then followed. Results: TGFB1 expression in CAFs was significantly different among tumor histologic types (P=0.01), high tumor grade (P=<0.01), presence of muscle invasion (P=<0.001), higher tumor stage (P=0.01), presence of preceding bilharziasis (P=0.003), and necrosis (P=0.03). There was a highly significant difference between TGFB1 expression in both tumor cells and CAFs (P=0.002). Intense CAFs TGFB1 staining was also strikingly observed along the muscle invading frontside UBC cells further emphasizing the pivotal role of CAFs expressing TGFB1 in invasion. Conclusion: This study demonstrates significant predictive implications of TGFB1 in UBC, thus emphasizing its potential benefits in management and therapy.