Multiplication of alfalfa through in vitro culture is an alternative technique to conventional one to solve the problem on forage without seed production. An experiment was done to obtain the best culture media for shoot induction and multiplication of alfalfa. This research was conducted at the tissue culture in BB Biogen laboratory. The seed of alfalfa was used which was cultured on MS media and seeds were then transferred on seven sterilization treatment BA 0.5 mg/l + GA (0.1; 0.5; and 1.0 mg/l) media germination. Shoot multiplication of alfalfa were eight treatment on growth were MS + BA (0.0; 0.5; and 1.0 mg/l) with combination with thidiazuron (TDZ) (0.0; 3.0; and 5.0 mg/l). Results showed that conducted the highest number of shoot multiplication of alfalfa was obtained on the media containing BA 0.5 mg/l and TDZ 3.0 mg/l (9.6 shoots and shoot length was observed at average 14.6 mm and a number of leaf 17). Induction and multiplication the shoot was an important early stages to multiply the seed of alfalfa in in vitro culture.
ABSTRAKCentrosema pascuorum cv. Cavalcade adalah leguminosa herba, yang telah terbukti tahan kering seperti iklim di Nusa Tenggara Timur dengan 9 bulan musim kering dan 3 bulan musim hujan, yang dapat menyediaakan hijauan berkualitas tinggi terutama dalam musim kemarau. Jenis tanaman ini mempunyai kemampuan menambat N 2 atmosfer bila bersimbiose dengan bakteri tanah rhizobia. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi strain Rhizobium dalam menambat N 2 atmosfer yang dibudidayakan di lapang. Uji kompetitivitas dan efektivitas dari strain rhizobia dilakukan di stasiun Percobaan Balitnak, Bogor, dengan pH tanah 5,8; bahan organik rendah, kandungan N rendah. Jenis tanaman yang digunakan adalah Centrosema pascuorum. Sebagai strain peciri digunakan strain mutan pada antibiotik rifampisin 25 ppm. Perlakuan (1) inokulasi, (2) tanpa inokulasi, (3) tanpa inokulasi dengan penambahan pupuk N, nitrogen urea dengan dosis 50 kg/ha. Pupuk dasar 100 kg TSP/ha, 100 kg KCl/ha. Parameter yang diukur, kandungan nitrogen tanaman, produksi hijauan, nodulasi dan prosentase bintil akar yang diinfeksi oleh inokulan yang diberikan (bintil akar recovery). Rancangan percobaan menggunakan adalah Rancangan Acak kelompok dengan 8 ulangan. Hasil menunjukkan adanya peningkatan produksi hijauan, tanaman yang dinokulasi dengan strain mutan BPT01. Produksi berat kering hijauan yang dinokulasi mencapai 963,94 kg/ha dan berbeda nyata lebih tinggi dibanding tanpa inokulasi (P<0.05), sedang yang tidak diinokulasi berkisar 589.94 -635.86,44 kg/ha. Berat segar bintil akar yang diinokulasi dengan strain mutan BPT01 adalah 19,93 g/4 tanaman, dengan jumlah bintil akar berwarna merah mencapai 63% sedang tanaman yang tidak diinokulasi 2,30 g/4 tanaman dan bintil akar berwarna merah 48%. Bintil akar recovery, dari jumlah bintil akar yang diuji 20,34% berasal dari inokulan yang diberikan. Sedang tanaman yang tidak dinokulasi, tidak ada bintil akar mengandung strain mutan BPT01. Kandungan protein kasar hijauan tanaman yang diinokulasi strain mutan BPT01, 24,06% sedang yang tidak diinokulasi 14,59%.Kata kunci: C. pascuorum, kompetitivitas, strain mutan, Rhizobium, Produksi .ABSTRACT Centrosema pascuorum cv. Cavalcade is annual leguminous herb adapted on dryland, dry climate of NTT with 9 months dry season and 3 months rainy season. This species has ability to fix atmospheric N 2 when symbiosis with soil bacteria rhizobia. The objective of this study was to evaluate strain of Rhizobium on fixing N 2 in the field. Competitiveness and effectiveness of mutant strain BPT01 was conducted in IRIAP research station, in Bogor, with soil pH tanah 5,8 low organic matter low N. Centrosema pascuorum cv. Cavalcade was used in this study. Mutant strain BPT01 of 25 ppm rifampicin was used as inoculant marker. Treatments were (1) inoculation (2) no inoculation, no added N (3) no inoculation, added N (urea, 50 kg/ ha). Basal fertilizer were 100 kg TSP/ha, 100 kg KCl/ha. Parameters measured were N total shoot, Shoot production, nodulation, percentage nodules infected by inoculants (inoc...
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