Control of negative emotions (e.g., anger and fear) by political cues perpetuate intractable conflict by mobilizing public support for aggressive actions. Halperin et al. (2013) found that reappraisal – an adaptive form of emotion regulation – decreased negative emotions triggered by anger-inducing information related to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, and increased support for conciliatory statements. We tested these effects in the context of the conflict between the Colombian government and the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP). Reappraisal training reduced negative emotions produced by a presentation that illustrated FARC’s violent actions, and increased support for conciliatory statements (with overall moderate effect magnitudes). We also found that negative emotions mediated the effects of reappraisal on the support for aggressive and conciliatory statements. These findings indicate a high degree of generality of the phenomena, especially considering the differences between the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and the Colombian conflict. Our findings also show promise for replicating these effects on other types of intergroup conflicts and guiding effective public policy.
This chapter examines the effects that children face in situations of armed conflict and the central role that they play in building and consolidating peace. It analyzes how the processes of forgiveness and reconciliation contribute to peacebuilding and children’s visions of these constructs. Specifically, it presents the findings of an investigation that sought to understand the conceptualizations of forgiveness and reconciliation among Colombian children as well as their role in the construction of peace in this country. As such, 63 children between 10 and 13 years old participated. One group of participants (n = 29) was composed of children who were directly affected by conflict or in situations of economic and social vulnerability, residing in one of the areas with the most people displaced by armed conflict. The other group (n = 34) was composed of children living in optimal developmental conditions who had not directly experienced any victimizing event in relation to the Colombian armed conflict. The results showed convergences and divergences regarding the conceptualizations of the two groups. Some of the main differences were in relation to their views of the negotiated exit to the Colombian armed conflict and their conceptualizations of peace. The results show that socioeconomic contexts and previous experiences in relation to armed conflict permeate the country’s vision of the future.
Colombia es el país con mayor número de desplazados internos a nivel mundial. La mayoría de las victimas provienen de zonas rurales. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo indagar y describir las prácticas de consumo alimentario actuales y previas al desplazamiento forzado. Por medio de una metodología cualitativa se analizó y teorizó el discurso de cinco mujeres víctimas de desplazamiento forzado asentadas con sus familias en la localidad de Bosa, Bogotá. Por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada se recolectó la información y fue analizada con el software N-vivo11, siguiendo el análisis de la teoría fundamentada. Los hallazgos revelan que las prácticas de consumo alimentario previas al desplazamiento, se caracterizaron por la obtención de víveres a través de labores agropecuarias como la siembra y se consumían mínimo tres comidas durante el día. Actualmente, la cantidad de las raciones de consumo diarias han disminuido, así como la frecuencia de compra y las fuentes de obtención de la alimentación. En conclusión, las prácticas de consumo alimentario se han transformado, lo cual ha obligado a las familias a cambiar su dieta por una más precaria y de baja calidad.
This work presents the findings of different disciplines, methodologies and fields of action of social scientists, in which an intra and extra-disciplinary dialogue is established on coexistence and prosociality. For this reason, the compilation includes complementary references in methods, experiments, correlations, studies of social networks, etc.; concepts, verbiage, executive functions, environmental conditions, cultural aspects; and units of analysis, for example, individual, culture, groups, texts, etc. The chapters present research results carried out in specialized settings both at university and in socially situated contexts. This book is in line with the scientific agenda and the national current challenges such as the educational impacts of the conflict as regards the post-peace agreement with the FARC-EP; the group dynamics of the groups of victims; the conflict associated with urban life, the physical violence against women; the fulfillment of education goals for sustainable development and local governance, among others. Each chapter presents specific recommendations on the findings for scientists and professionals with social interests, as well as open theoretical discussions and future studies. This wealth of scientific and professional voices highlights the central role of research centers, in terms of the type and quality of research and professional performance for the construction of peace culture in Colombia.
Resumen Colombia es el país con mayor número de población en condición de desplazamiento forzado interno (CDFI) en el mundo. Una de las necesidades más apremiantes que enfrentan las personas afectadas es reestructurar su área económica. Puesto que se dificulta la consecución de fuentes permanentes de ingreso. Por tanto, realizamos una revisión sistemática de la literatura para conocer las prácticas de consumo y fuentes de ingreso de las personas en CDFI en Colombia y qué metodologías se emplean para abordar el estudio de esta realidad. La búsqueda se ejecutó en las bases de datos Redalyc y Scopus de artículos originales publicados a partir de 2006. Se encontraron 6.146. De estos, 26 fueron elegibles y proporcionaron información sobre: la seguridad alimentaria (42.3%), el estado de salud y/o acceso a sanidad (26.9%); las condiciones de vivienda (45.5%), el acceso a servicios públicos (27.3%); la tenencia de propiedades y/o bienes (26.9%); la situación laboral (76.9%), el nivel de escolaridad y acceso a la educación (46.2%) y el acceso a ayuda humanitaria (15.4%) de personas en CDFI en Colombia. Estos resultados permiten evidenciar la vulnerabilidad socioeconómica a la que se enfrentan las personas en CDFI en Colombia.
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