Background: Pharmaceutical care is a patient-oriented program carried out by pharmacists. In the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) several parameters have been determined as targets for the success of pharmaceutical care such as HbA1c and the level of patient compliance. This paper aims to evaluate the role of pharmaceutical care in improving clinical outcomes and compliance of patients with T2DM. Subjects and Method: This study was conducted using a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis study design using PICO, population: Diabetes mellitus type 2 patients, Intervention: Obtaining pharmaceutical care. Comparison: Did not receive pharmaceutical care, Outcome: Hba1c. The articles used in this study came from 4 databases, namely Pubmed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest and Google scholar. Article keywords are Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 OR T2DM OR Type 2 diabetes AND Pharmaceutical care OR Clinical pharmacy OR Community pharmacy OR Pharmacist* OR Pharmaceutical services OR Education OR Intervention OR Medication Management AND Knowledge OR adherence OR HbA1c OR glycemic control" Included articles in this study is a full paper article, RCT study design for 2011-2021. Results: A total of 12 RCT studies with 1,746 T2DM patients in Asia (Jordan,
Rational drug use is a very warm discussion in the health care system in Indonesia. This is possible because of reports of the occurrence of errors in the selection and use of drugs freely by the community without based on adequate knowledge, causing undesirable side effects. Real Teaching Action (RTA) is an effort to improve people's knowledge through short learning activities about drug information. The information conveyed among others is about the classification of drugs, the steps to use the drug "DAGUSIBU" (Get, Use, Save and Dispose of), self-medication and route of administration of the drug. The measurement method used is a pretest and posttest design to measure the success rate of the program which is divided into 5 measurements. The location used as an activity is in Sendang Village, Purwantoro Subdistrict, Wonogiri Regency, Central Java, with the target of housewives who are then referred to as AKU (Superior Family Pharmacists) cadres. The results of the activity are known to have increased the knowledge of respondents through pretest-posttest with a percentage value of 27.19%-97%. So it can be concluded that the RTA approach is able to provide a good understanding of AKU cadre training
Background: Depression in pregnancy can lead to poor pregnancy outcomes, such as preeclampsia, insufficient weight gain, and preterm delivery which can progress to postpartum depression thereby posing a risk to the mother-infant bond and impacting the child's social development at a further level. Social support is one of the important factors that can increase the risk of depression during pregnancy, because with a lack of social support, the increased risk of depression in pregnant or postpartum women will enhance. The purpose of this study was to estimate the relationship between low social support and depression in pregnancy. Subjects and Method: This study was conducted using a systematic review and meta-analysis, with a PICO covering Population= pregnant women. Intervention= weak social support. Comparison= sufficient social support. Outcome= depression during pregnancy. Research data was searched from several sources including: PubMed, Google Scholar, Springer Link, and Science Direct with the following keywords "pregnant woman" AND "social support" OR "family support" OR "care relationship" AND "depression" AND "cross sectional" AND "multivariate". The inclusion criteria used were full papers using English with a cross sectional study design from 2011-2021 by reporting the Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) value. The selection of articles was carried out using the PRISMA flow diagram. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: A total of 8 cross-sectional studies from China, Indonesia, Malaysia, India, Hungary, and Ethiopia were selected for a systematic review and meta-analysis. The data collected showed that low social support in pregnant women increased the incidence of depression 2.04 times compared to sufficient social support and was statistically significant (aOR= 2.04; 95% CI= 1.57 to 2.64; p<0.001). Conclusion: Low social support increased the incidence of depression in pregnant women.
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