ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komposisi jenis bakteri probiotik terhadap perbaikan kualitas air dan sintasan pascalarva udang windu pada skala laboratorium. Rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan menggunakan 24 akuarium yang masing-masing diisi 10 L air bersalinitas 28 ppt dan 200 ekor benur windu PL-15 telah diaplikasikan pada percobaan di Laboratorium Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau (BRPBAP) Maros. Delapan perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah A) Bakteri probiotik asal laut (BL536+BL542+BL548); B) Bakteri asal mangrove (PK446+BR883+BR931+MY1112); C) Bakteri probiotik asal tambak (MR55+BT950+BT951+PR1080+BN2067); D) Bakteri laut+mangrove; E) Bakteri laut+tambak; F) Bakteri mangrove+tambak; G) Bakteri laut+mangrove+tambak; H) Kontrol (tanpa bakteri probiotik). Masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Setelah 96 jam aplikasi didapatkan bahwa kombinasi bakteri probiotik asal mangrove dan tambak mampu mengendalikan kandungan bahan organik secara signifikan (P<0,05). Bakteri asal laut dan mangrove secara tunggal maupun kombinasinya dapat menekan peningkatan amoniak dalam air (P>0,05). Walaupun konsentrasinya masih aman (0,0136-0,0184 mg/L), peningkatan kandungan nitrit kurang mampu dikendalikan oleh bakteri probiotik yang diaplikasikan (P>0,05). Sintasan pascalarva udang windu pada perlakuan bakteri probiotik asal laut (97,5%) nyata lebih tinggi (P<0,05) daripada kontrol (82,0%). Secara keseluruhan, peningkatan populasi bakteri Vibrio spp. dalam air telah menyebabkan menurunnya sintasan pascalarva udang windu (r = -0,834; P<0,01).

Relationship Diet, Food Intake and Central Obesity with Hypertension in Health Center Indah Rajabasa Bandar Lampung. Hypertension contributes to heart disease, kidney failure, stroke, premature death and disability. At this time hypertension is the third largest risk factors that lead to premature death. The disease has killed 9.4 million people in the world each year. The World Health Organization (WHO)estimates that the number of hypertension will increase along with the number of population increases. In 2025, projected at around 29% or about 1.6 billion people worldwide have hypertension. General purpose of this study to determine the relationship of diet, food intake and central obesity with blood pressure in hypertensive patients at health centers Rajabasa Indah Bandar Lampung. Quantitative research with analytic study design was cross sectional. Sample in this study are hypertension patients whovisited the health center Rajabasa Indah within 1 month, taken by accidental sampling. Result research shows diet raised the risk of blood pressure is often consume biscuits, eggs and terasi were statistically significant with hypertension. Intake of foods that have a significant relationship with hypertension that is the intake of animal protein, cholesterol, saturated fatty acids intake, fiber intake, and intake of sodium. Central obesity also has a significant relationship with hypertension. The need for cooperation between doctor and nutritionist so that patients can be referred to a nutritional consultation services so that patients understand more about diet hypertension.Keywords: Hypertension, Diet, Nutrition, Central obesity Abstrak: Hubungan Pola Makan, Asupan Makanan dan Obesitas Sentral dengan Hipertensi di Puskesmas Rajabasa Indah Bandar Lampung. Hipertensi memberikan kontribusi bagi penyakit jantung, gagal ginjal, stroke, kematian premature dan cacat. Pada saat ini hipertensi adalah faktor risiko ketiga terbesar yang menyebabkan kematian dini. Penyakit ini telah membunuh 9,4 juta warga dunia setiap tahunnya. Badan Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) memperkirakan jumlah hipertensi akan terus meningkat seiring dengan jumlah penduduk yang bertambah. Pada 2025 mendatang, diproyeksikan sekitar 29% atau sekitar 1,6 miliar orang di seluruh dunia mengalami hipertensi. Tujuan Umum penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pola makan, asupan makanan dan obesitas sentral dengan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Rajabasa Indah Bandar Lampung. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi analitik pendekatan cross sectional.Sampel adalah pasien hipertensi yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Rajabasa Indah pada dalam waktu 1 bulan, yang diambil secara acidental sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pola makan yang berisiko meningkatkan tekanan darah adalah sering mengkonsumsi biskuit, telur dan terasi dinyatakan signifikan secara statistik dengan hipertensi. Asupan makanan yang memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan hipertensi yaitu asupan protein hewani, kolesterol, asupan asam lemak jenuh, asupan serat,...

In this era, having only speaking competence is not adequate for the students.  They also need to possess some other skills like critical thinking which is also known as the 21st century skill. The 21st century learners must possess both self-direction and an ability to collaborate with individuals, groups, and machines. To support this, new speaking materials based on the context of the real world need to be used in teaching the students to ensure the EFL thinking critically is urgently needed. This paper is aimed at knowing the effect English speaking material which is based on contextual teaching learning towards EFL critical thinking in speaking. To achieve this purpose, the students were taught using speaking material which is based on contextual teaching-learning before the speaking test was taken at the end. To analyze the data t-test was applied. The data analysis showed that CTL had a significant effect on students’ critical thinking after being treated.

Background: Aan village is one of the villages where most of the people work as farmers. Farmer is one type of work that has a high risk of experiencing health and safety problems, one of which is musculoskeletal disorders. Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of musculoskeletal disorders among farmers in Aan Village, Klungkung Regency. Method: This researchs was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The population in this study was farmers in the Aan village, Banjarangkan, Klungkung, Bali. Data collection is done by filling in the NBM questionnaire by 80 respondents who were determined using simple random sampling technique. The study was conducted in May-September 2018. Results: The prevalence of farmers who experienced musculoskeletal disorders was 80%, and often felt in the right knee 40%, left knee 37.5%, waist 30.1%, right shoulder 15.1%, and left shoulder 12.6%. The age most experienced by musculoskeletal disorders is 46-55 years by 30%, which occurred in men (88%) and women (13%). Musculoskeletal disorders are more often experienced by farmers who have the last primary education (34%), not smoking (66%), have been a farmer for >10 years (89%), work >8 hours a day (55%), and work with the position of turning the body and holding back (100%). Conclusion: The prevalence of farmers who experience musculoskeletal disorders was 80%. Musculoskeletal disorders mostly occur in the right knee, left knee, waist, right shoulder, and left shoulder. Musculoskeletal disorders are more experienced by farmers aged 46-55 years, male farmers, having the last primary school education, not smoking, have been a farmer for >10 years, working >8 hours a day, and work with the position of turning the body and holding back.

The effects of an artificial commercial feed supplementation on larval rearing and crablet production of mud crab Scylla tranquebarica. In mass production of mud crab seeds, only rotifer and Artemia nauplii are usually fed to mud crab larvae rearing until the larvae develop to crablet stage. The supplementation of artificial commercial feed from zoea-3 stage is expected to supply an essential nutrient required for an optimum larval development. The research was aimed to determine the optimum dosage of commercial feed supplementation for a successful larval rearing to produce crablet in hatchery. Newly hatched larvae of mud crab were stocked at a density of 100 ind./L. The larvae were fed with rotifer and Artemia nauplii. Microbound artificial commercial feed sized <100 microns (protein 52%, fat 14,5%, fiber 3% and water content 10%) was supplemented to the larvae from zoea-3 to megalopa stage at different dosages namely: a). 0.5 mg/L/2 days; b). 0.75 mg/L/2 days; c). 1.0 mg/L/2 days; d). 1.25 mg/L/2 days. Larval population, larval development indices (LDI), megalopa occurrence index (MOI) and crablet production were observed and measured. Water quality (ammonium, nitrite, Total Organic Matter (TOM), and total Vibrio sp. count were also monitored. The LDI, MOI, and crablet production from each treatment were compared and tested using one way-ANOVA. The results showed that the survival rate of larvae at zoea-5 ranged between 29-33%. The LDI was not significantly different (P>0.05) among treatments. However, the MOI of treatment A and B at day 21 ph was significantly higher (P<0.05) compared with treatment C and D. In addition, the crablet production in treatment B, C and D were significantly higher (P<0.05) compared with treatment A. It was concluded that the supplementation of artificial commercial feed in larval rearing of S. tranquebarica could be applied at the dosage range of 0.75-1.25 mg/L/2-days from zoea-3 until crablet (C-7) stage.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan herbal tanaman mangrove sebagai sumber antibakteri V. harveyi penyebab penyakit pada udang windu Penaeus monodon. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau (BPPBAP), Maros. Mangrove diambil dari lima lokasi yaitu: Kabupaten Maros, Pangkep, Luwu Timur, Takalar, dan Bone. Mangrove yang dikumpulkan diidentifikasi sebelum dikering-anginkan selama dua minggu. Setelah kering dibuat tepung dan diekstrak menggunakan pelarut organik (metanol). Ekstrak metanol dari herbal mangrove diuji bioassay secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk mengetahui aktivitas anti V. harveyi menggunakan metode mikrowell plate. Setelah itu, dilakukan uji tantang secara in vitro dengan V. harveyi pada konsentrasi yang berbeda dan selanjutnya dilakukan penentuan konsentrasi ambang bawah dan ambang atas yang mematikan terhadap larva udang windu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 88 sampel herbal mangrove yang dikumpulkan 58 (65,91%) sampel positif mengandung antibakteri V. harveyi, yang terdiri atas: 11 (18,96%) dari Maros, 16 (27,59%) dari Pangkep, 11 (18,96%) dari Luwu Timur, 4 (6,90%) dari Takalar, dan 16 (27,59%) dari Bone. Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) terbaik ditunjukkan oleh lima jenis tanaman mangrove yaitu; Sonneratia lanceolata dengan nilai MIC 0,1 mg/L dan Sonneratia alba, Sonneratia caseolaris, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, serta Rhizophora mucronata dengan nilai MIC masing-masing 1 mg/L. Hasil uji tantang secara in vitro dengan V. harveyi menunjukkan bahwa S. alba dan S. caseolaris terbaik menghambat pertumbuhan V. harveyi. Konsentrasi 10.000 mg/L dari ekstrak metanol S. lanceolata, S. alba, S. caseolaris, serta B. gymnorrhiza sudah toksik bagi benur udang windu, dengan mortalitas mencapai 100% setelah 96 jam. KATA KUNCI: mangrove, herbal, antibakteri, V. harveyi, vibriosis, Penaeus monodon ABSRTACT: Mangrove herbs as a source of antibacterial V. harveyi causes disease in black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. By: Muliani, Nurhidayah, and Koko Kurniawan This experiment was aimed to findout of mangrove herbs as a source of antibacterial V. harveyi causes disease in black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. The experiment was conducted in several stages, namely: a) collection and identification of mangrove plants, b) preparation and drying plant mangrove; c) preparation of starch; d) extraction and evaporate; e) qualitative bioassay test; f) quantitative bioassay test; g) in vitro test challenged with V. harveyi; h) toxicity tests against larvae of tiger shrimp. The result showed that as many as 88 samples of mangrove herbs collected from Maros, Pangkep, Luwu Timur, Takalar, and Bone, 58 (65.91%) of them positive for antibacterial V. harveyi, which consisted of 11 (18.96%) samples were from Maros, 16 (27.59%) samples were from Pangkep, 11 (18.96%) samples were from Luwu Timur, 4 (6.90%) samples were from Takalar, and 12 (2.59%) samples were from Bone. Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) best indicated by four mangrove species namely; Sonneratia lanceo...

Back pain is one of the most common illness in society and it is able to decrease the sufferer’s mobility also productivity. Aim of this study is to find out the proportion and the characteristic of students who suffer from back pain in Medical Faculty Udayana University, academic year of 2015-2017. This study was conducted with descriptive cross-sectional design. The number of samples was 302 people taken by consecutive sampling method and respondents were measured their waist circumference and asked to fill out the questionnaire. There are two types of questionnaire used to be filled out by the respondents depending on the accessibility of the respondents, they are paper questionnaire and online questionnaire. The data obtained was managed with SPSS 16.0 and presented in table form. The results of this study were the proportion of back pain sufferers among Medical Faculty students as much as 34.8%, which was dominated by lower back pain. There were 8 variables of characteristics of people with back pain, including gender, body mass index, central obesity, physical activity, weight of backpack, history of vertebra injury, working position, and sitting position. This study can be concluded that in the student population of the Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, sufferers of back pain are dominated by women, underweight, central obesity sufferers, daily exercise frequency, excessive backpack load, history of spinal cord injury, incorrect work position, and incorrect sitting position.

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