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The realization of sustainable agriculture requires continuous research which can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. This research was carry out to obtain the potential indigenous endophytic bacteria isolated from onion planted on rock soil of Wakatobi district in Southeast Sulawesi. The study conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 9 isolates. Germination was recorded daily until 14 days. At the same time, isolates evaluated for their ability to solubilize phosphate, fix N and synthesize IAA. Results showed that the seed treatments using endophytic bacteria significantly increased viability onion seeds, in term of germination increases in germination percentage. Almost all endophytic bacteria isolate tested were able to solubilize phosphate, fix N and synthesize IAA. From this study, Ke03 isolates showed the best performance and were able to increase germination percentage, root length and number of onion roots reaching 145%, 46% and 78% respectively, as compared to controls. The ability of Ke03 isolates to increase onion germination correlated with the ability of this isolate to synthesize IAA (80.33 ppm). Further research is needed to evaluate whether this isolate is effective in increasing the growth and yield of onions in the field.

Six progenies F2 plants deriving from crossbreeding of cultivated rice 33/Wagamba were planted. The objectives of the experiment were to study the morphology and agronomic characters of F2 plants, and to study the heritability, genetic and phenotype variances of F2 progenies resulting from rice crossbreeding. The results showed that there were high variations in the growth of local upland rice 8 Gusti Ray Sadimantara, Muhidin and Edi Cahyono crosses (F2), both on the components of growth such as plant height, number of productive tillers and the yield components such as panicle length, number of grains per panicle, filled grain percentage, and 1000-grain weight. Genetic factors contributed more than environmental factors, so that selection would not be effective if done on next-generation; hence, must be selected in early generations. Number of grains per panicle, plant height, filled grain percentages, and harvesting stage had high heritability accompanied with high genetic advance indicating that these are simply inherited traits, and the heritability is most likely due to additive gene effects. On the other hand, panicle length, number of productive tillers and 1000-grain weight had high heritability coupled with low genetic advance indicating non-additive gene effects.

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The study aimed was to find out the endophytic bacteria isolated from areca nut rhizosphere in Southeast Sulawesi. The study was conducted at the Agronomy Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University. It using a completely randomized design (CRD) consist of four serial treatment of isolates isolated from 4 regencies. The isolates have tested their ability to improve viability and vigour of rice seed. The rice seeds before application, treated with endophytic bacteria isolates and then germinated. The germination rate was recorded daily by seven days. Each treatment using three replications, and data result were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed with DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test). The result showed that the treatment of endophytic bacteria on rice seed has significantly increased the viability and vigour of rice seed. It also found four selected isolates which have potential to increase of rice seed growth, namely ME4, WSE4, WSE15, LE7, and LAE2. The future research is needed to find out the isolate that has effectivity on increase of areca nut seedling growth.

Application of seed bio-invigoration treatment was able to break seed dormancy of local upland rice of cv. Pae Parigi 2 with the best treatment was using KNO3 1%+ground brick+Bacillus sp., CKD061.

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