Indonesia has been experiencing rising animal source food prices during the last five years (decade).
In this paper we explore how changes of animal source food prices impact on their demand Indonesia 2016 as expressed in income
and price elasticities. Take into account for changes in consumption patterns, as expressed in substitution and complement effects
among food items, by including own and cross price elasticities obtained through the parameter estimation of a demand system using
QUAIDS. With respect to the total animal food expenditure, chicken meat, beef, fish and milk are luxury goods, while (only) egg is
normal goods. The luxuriousness of chicken meat, beef, fish and milk powder decrease with increasing household income level as
expressed in quintile level. The results also show that consumers substitute high value commodities such as chicken meat, beef,
fishes and powdered milk in case of rising prices with the cheaper and lower preferences. Consequently, households consume a less
diversified diet in times of high animal source food prices, focusing their diet on cheaper animal source food commodities. High
value animal source foods play an important role in a diversified and nutritionally balanced diet, since they are rich in proteins
and essential amino acid. Animal source food “inflation”, which has been led by high value animal agricultural commodities,
therefore threatens to worsen the nutritional status of the Indonesian consumer, especially the lower income level.
This study aims to assess the sustainability index and status of smallholder oil palm plantations on peatlands. By using a multidimensional approach which was then analyzed using the Rap-SAWIT technique, modified from RAPFISH (Rapid Assessment Technique for Fisheries). It was found that the sustainability index value of smallholder palm oil plantations on peatland in Tanjung Kapal Village is 56.19% with fairly sustainable status. The results of the analysis of each dimension show that the institutional dimensions have the highest index value of 71.12% with a fairly sustainable status, then subsequently followed by the environmental dimension with an index value of 67.75% with a fairly sustainable status, an economic dimension with index value of 60.46% with a fairly sustainable status, technology and infrastructure dimension with index value of 48.13% with a fairly sustainable status and with the lowest index value of the social dimension has an index value of 33.50% with a less sustainable status. There are 20 key factors that affect the sustainability of smallholder oil palm plantations on peatlands.
Tobacco is Indonesian export commodities that seeded and expected to developed in order to have a market share in international market. Market share analysis is used to determine the Indonesian tobacco market share in international markets, or how many percentage of market domination, while the analysis of trade spezialiton index is used to determine whether Indonesia should be the state tobacco exporter or importer of tobacco. If the ISP value ≥ 0.5, then Indonesia tend to be exporters of tobacco. Meanwhile, when the value obtained ISP <0.5 to close to 0, then Indonesia tend to be importers of tobacco. Based on the analysis of market share, Indonesia has a market share better than the French and Thailand. The average of Indonesian market in the period 2000-2014 was 2.30%, while France is 1.61% and Thailand is 1.45%. Then based on the analysis ISP, Indonesia is capable of being tobacco exporting countries due to the value of more than 0.5 ISP. Based on the analysis, we can conclude that Indonesia's market share is better than France and Thailand, furthermore in the future Indonesia will continue to be tobacco exporting countries in the world.
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