RESUMO: Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo com o objetivo de determinar os tipos de neoplasmas em bovinos e a sua frequência. Foram analisados os casos de necropsias e biopsias de bovinos com diagnóstico de neoplasia, submetidos ao Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (SPV-UFRGS), entre janeiro de 2005 e dezembro de 2014. De um total de 4.188 exames realizados em bovinos, 154 foram diagnosticados como neoplasmas. Destes, 100 casos foram a causa da morte, 41 foram achados de frigorífico e 13 casos eram biopsias de cirurgias realizadas por veterinários de campo. Os neoplasmas ocorreram com maior frequência em bovinos adultos (96/154), fêmeas (125/154) e a raça mais acometida foi a Holandesa (79/154). Os neoplasmas mais frequentes foram linfoma (73/154), carcinoma de células escamosas (28/154), papiloma (9/154), melanoma (6/154) e feocromocitoma (6/154). Os sistemas mais acometidos foram o hemopoiético (75/154) e tegumentar (25/154). Conclui-se que o linfoma e o carcinoma de células escamosas são os neoplasmas mais frequentes em bovinos diagnosticados no SPV-UFRGS, Brasil.

Background Anthropogenic disturbances are the main threats to nonhuman primates conservation, and infectious diseases may also play a key role in primate population decline. This study aimed to determine the main causes of death in neotropical primates. Methods A retrospective study of post‐mortem examinations was conducted on 146 neotropical primates between January 2000 and December 2018. Results Conclusive diagnoses were obtained in 68.5% of the cases, of which 59 corresponded to non‐infectious causes and 41 to infectious diseases. Trauma was the main cause of death (54/100), with anthropogenic stressors caused by blunt force trauma injuries (collision with vehicles) and puncture wound injuries associated with interspecific aggression (dog predation) were the most common factors. Other causes of death included bacterial diseases (27%), followed by parasitic diseases (12%), neoplasms (2%), and viral diseases (2%). Conclusions Free‐ranging primates were mostly affected by non‐infectious causes, while captive primates were by infectious conditions.

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Gastrointestinal neoplasms (GIN) are uncommon in dogs, but they mainly show malignant behavior and poor prognosis. The types of GIN in dogs and their frequency, as well as their epidemiological and histopathological characteristics were analyzed through a retrospective study of biopsies from 24.711 dogs from 2005 to 2017. Additionally, histological sections of neoplasms were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) using antibodies against pancytokeratin, vimentin, smooth muscle actin, c-Kit, S-100, CD31, CD79αcy, and neuron-specific enolase. Of the total samples from dogs analyzed, 88 corresponded to GIN. Neoplasms occurred more frequently in purebred dogs (64.8%, 57/88), males (53.4%, 47/88), with a median age of 10 years. The intestine was affected by 84.1% (74/88) of the cases. Of these, the large intestine was the most affected (67.6%, 50/74). Most of the neoplasms had malignant behavior (88.6%, 78/88). Regarding the classification of neoplasms, 46.6% (41/88) of the diagnoses corresponded to epithelial, 46.6% (41/88) were mesenchymal, 5.7% (5/88) were hematopoietic, and 1.1% (1/88) was neuroendocrine. The most frequently diagnosed neoplasms were papillary adenocarcinoma (19.3%, 17/88), leiomyosarcoma (17.0%, 15/88), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) (12.5%, 11/88), and leiomyoma (5.0%, 8/88). Adenocarcinomas were located mainly in the rectum, whereas leiomyosarcomas and GISTs developed mainly in the cecum. Epithelial neoplasms showed a greater potential for lymphatic invasion whereas mesenchymal neoplasms appeared to be more expansive with intratumoral necrosis and hemorrhage. Immunohistochemistry was found to be an important diagnostic technique for the identification of infiltrating cells in carcinomas and an indispensable technique for the definitive diagnosis of sarcomas.

Background: Contagious ecthyma is a viral disease caused by a Parapoxvirus, which affects primarily sheep and goats. The disease has a worldwide distribution and is characterized by cutaneous pustules and crusts mainly in the muzzle and lips. Although the disease has a worldwide distribution, there are few reports in the literature of contagious ecthyma outbreaks in Brazil. Moreover, this is an important disease, as well as causing huge economic losses due to high morbidity rates, is also a zoonosis occupational character. This report describes the epidemiological, clinical, and anatomopathological aspects of an outbreak of contagious echtyma in sheep in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Case: Cases were observed on January and February of 2016. Seventeen out of 45 Texel sheep were affected including fve 4-6-month-old lambs, three 7-12-month-old male sheep and nine 2-year-old ewes. Before the outbreak, a Texel ram was introduced in the herd as replacement. Clinically, affected sheep had pustules, ulcers, and crusts in the lips, labial commissures, muzzle, and nasal bridge. They also presented dyspnea, submandibular and facial subcutaneous edema. One of the affected sheep was euthanized due to the poor prognosis. At necropsy, the lesions observed clinically were confrmed. Histopathology of the skin in the lips and muzzles showed marked acanthosis of the epidermis, orthokeratotic and parakeratotic hyperkeratosis of the stratum corneum, intracorneal vesicles and pustules, as well as hydropic degeneration and apoptosis of keratinocytes. This lesions led to epidermal serocellular crusting. Histologically and ultrastructurally respectively, inclusion bodies or viral particles were not observed. Approximately 45 days after the diagnosis there were no new cases of echtyma in the herd. Discussion: The diagnosis of contagious ecthyma in these sheep was based on epidemiological, clinical, and pathological fndings. In sheep and goats the disease affects mainly lambs, kids, and lactating females, although sheep from both sexes, and all breeds and ages are susceptible. In this outbreak, sheep of different categories were affected with morbidity about 37%. Carrier sheep and contaminated fomites are the main forms of transmission. In this outbreak, it is presumed that the introduction in the herd of a male carrying the virus was the source of infection to the other sheep. Clinically, it was notice a variation in the clinical signs. Initial lesions were almost imperceptible, and latest lesions were more severe, with a predominance of proliferative crusted changes in the lips and muzzle. The facial and submandibular edema in some sheep was an unusual manifestation of the disease. Gross and microscopic fndings observed in these sheep contributed to the defnitive diagnosis of the disease. Histologically, despite inclusions were not observed, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, pustules, and degenerative and necrotic changes in the epithelium are typical lesions of contagious ecthyma. It is suggested that the viral particles and the inclusion bodies were not detected by electron microscopy and histology because the necropsied sheep presented a chronic clinical course of the disease. The association of epidemiological, clinical, and pathological fndings allowed the defnitive diagnosis of contagious ecthyma, although inclusions and viral particles were not observed. The introduction of a virus carrier was the likely source of the disease in a non-immune herd. Keywords: diseases of sheep, viral diseases, Parapoxvirus, pustular dermatitis, orf

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Astroviruses are a common cause of gastroenteritis in children worldwide and can also cause infection in a range of domestic and wild animal species. Canine astrovirus (formally named as Mamastrovirus 5, MAstV5) has been reported worldwide, and its role as an enteric pathogen is still controversial. Herein, we describe the genomic characterization of a MAstV5 (strain crab-eating fox/2016/BRA) identified in a wild canid (Cerdocyon thous) diagnosed with canine distemper virus (CDV) as causa mortis. The nearly complete genome comprised 6579 nt in length and displayed the archetypal organization of astroviruses. The present report is the first evidence of MAstV5 infection in an animal species other than the dog and highlights a possible natural astrovirus spillover between domestic and wild canids. Moreover, these results show the first evidence of extra-intestinal MAstV5, suggesting a virus systemic spread. This work is expected to contribute to a better understanding of the astroviruses biology and their interactions with the wildlife health.

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