ABSTRACT.-Togni M., Panziera W., Souza T.M., Oliveira Filho J.C., Mazzanti A., Barros C.S. In the last 20 years, an unknown neurological disease affected cat populations in the Western Border Region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The onset of the disease was characterized by tail paralysis, followed by progressive paraparesis in the pelvic limbs, difficulty in ambulation and proprioceptive ataxia. After long prolonged clinical courses (12-24 months), when then affected cats became severely paraparetic and start to develop pressure sores do to decubitus, they were destroyed by the owners. At necropsy there were variable degrees of skeletal muscle atrophy of the pelvic muscles and some degree of reddening of the meninges at the level of T10-L7, due to the presence of a myriad of small blood vessels, as a typical varicose lesion that resembled a vascular hamartoma. Histologically, such lesions consisted of distension of the subarachnoid space due to a collection of dilated, blood-filled, tortuous blood vessels the lumina of which were occasionally partially or completely occluded by thrombi. Those varices were randomly surrounded by a lymphocytic or granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate with small foci of mature eosinophils. In the lumina of these varicose venules cross and longitudinal sections of nematode parasites could be observed. Based on the morphology of these parasites, in their anatomical localization (meningeal blood vessels) and in the species (cat) affected the nematode was identified as Gurltia paralysans. This paper describes detailed aspects of the epidemiology, clinical disease and pathology of this intriguing feline myelopathy and the definitive diagnosis of the condition: Feline crural parasitic paraplegia, a disease first described in Chile in the 1930's and now, for the first time, in Brazil. RESUMO.-Nos últimos 20 anos, uma doença neurológica desconhecida acometeu populações de gatos da Região da Campanha do RS e tornou-se um desafio diagnóstico para os veterinários locais. Os gatos afetados desenvolviam inicialmente paralisia da cauda, seguida de paraparesia progressiva nos membros pélvicos, alteração da marcha, posição plantígrada e ataxia proprioceptiva. Após longos períodos de evolução clínica (12-24 meses), quando se tornavam marcadamente paraparéticos e começavam a apresentar escaras de decúbito, eram sacrificados pelos proprietários. Na necropsia, demonstravam graus variados de atrofia dos músculos pélvicos e algum grau de avermelhamento das meninges entre T10 e L7, devido à presença de miríades

Os aspectos epidemiológicos e anatomopatológicos de casos de hemangiossarcoma em cães da Região Central do RS foram estudados. Dos casos avaliados (n=40), cães idosos e da raça Pastor Alemão foram nitidamente os mais afetados (72,2% e 20% dos casos, respectivamente), visto que na população total de cães necropsiados nesse mesmo período (n=7.063) essa faixa etária e raça tiveram comparativamente uma prevalência bem mais baixa (14,6% e 10,1% dos casos, respectivamente). Na necropsia (n=40), os tumores ocorreram quase sempre como nódulos (92,5%) e, menos frequentemente, como massas (37,5%), e afetaram principalmente: baço (62,5%), pulmão (60%), fígado (52,5%), peritônio (42,5%), rim (37,5%), encéfalo (30%), pleura (25%) e coração (22,5%). Hemoperitônio (42,5%) e, consequentemente, anemia (22,5%) foram vistos com certa frequência. Na histologia (n=25), os hemangiossarcomas eram principalmente bem diferenciados (84%), de baixo grau (64%) e com estroma escasso (84%), mas frequentemente (68%) havia áreas com células demonstrando algum grau de atipia. Necrose, hemorragia e trombose foram vistos em todos os casos, mas hematopoiese extramedular (28%) e proliferação angiomatosa benigna (12%) foram achados menos comuns. Na imuno- -histoquímica (n=24), utilizando anticorpo anti-fator de von Willebrand, todos os casos demonstraram marcação de intensidade variável com um padrão citoplasmático finamente granular. Em relação à classificação anatômica, 55% dos hemangiossarcomas foram considerados como multicêntricos, 30% como primários com metástase(s) e 15% como solitários. Esse artigo discute esses resultados e propõe, com base em combinações de órgãos afetados, um esquema de separação entre hemangiossarcomas primário com metástase(s) e multicêntrico, a fim de tentar homogeneizar a maneira com que patologistas veterinários referem-se a esse neoplasma.

No abstract

A retrospective study compiling cases of feline lymphoma diagnosed during 12 years (2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016) in Southern Brazil was performed. A total of 125 cases of lymphoma diagnosed in cats were reviewed, and information including age, breed, sex and tumour topography were collected. FeLV and FIV immunohistochemical tests were performed, as well as immunophenotyping of lymphomas. The alimentary form represented the most common presentation (42/125), followed by mediastinal lymphoma (35/125). Out of 125 cases, 79 presented positive retroviral immunostaining in tumour tissue (52 FeLV alone, 14 FIV alone and 13 presented FIV and FeLV co-infections), 66/125 of the cases were of T-cell origin and 59/125 of the cases were of Bcell origin. The median age of cats with T-cell lymphoma was 120 months (10-240 months), and 60 months (6-204 months) for cats with B-cell lymphoma. The most frequent alimentary tumour presentation was the enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (type 1), and the major type of mediastinal tumour observed was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Considering only mediastinal and alimentary lymphomas (n = 77), the prevalence of mediastinal lymphoma in FeLV-positive cats was 2.21 times higher than the prevalence of this type of tumour in FeLV-negative cats (P = .036).Mediastinal lymphoma was more frequently observed in younger cats, and the prevalence of mediastinal tumours in these animals was 3.06 times higher than the prevalence of this tumour form in old cats (P = .0125). The present study indicates that retroviral infections still play an important role in the development of feline lymphomas in southern Brazil.

Primary hepatic neoplasms are mostly detected in cattle as incidental findings in slaughterhouses or diagnosed at the necropsy, wherein it may be related to the cause of death. A proper characterization of primary hepatic neoplasms is essential to provide an accurate diagnosis, especially at the slaughter lines, in order to reduce erroneous condemnations. This work aimed to characterize the gross, histological, and immunohistochemical features of primary liver neoplasms detected in slaughtered cattle in Southern Brazil. Nineteen primary hepatic neoplasms were identified. Grossly, these lesions were classified according to their distribution, as focal, multifocal, or diffuse. Histologically, the shape and arrangement of the cells, as well as possible malignant features were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also performed for biliary epithelium (anti-CK7) and hepatocytes (anti-Hep Par-1) markers. Hepatocellular carcinoma (84.2%) was the most frequently detected hepatic neoplasm, followed by cholangiocarcinoma (15.8%), and these were only identified in adult cows. Hepatocellular carcinomas occurred as solitary masses or multifocal nodules, which on the cut surface were often green. Cholangiocarcinomas occurred as multifocal nodules, occasionally showing an umbilicated appearance. Histologically, hepatocellular carcinomas had mostly trabecular and solid patterns, while cholangiocarcinomas presented mostly a solid arrangement. Upon IHC, all hepatocellular carcinomas were immunolabeled for anti-Hep Par-1, ranging from mild (25%), moderate (31.2%) to marked (43.7%), while immunolabeling for anti-CK7 was detected only in one case of cholangiocarcinoma.

Pyometra is a life-threatening infectious disease that frequently affects bitches and queens. Although histopathological patterns of pyometra have been extensively explored, the microbiological aspects, such as bacteria pathogenicity, have not been correlated to microscopy endometrial lesions so far. In this study, these two pathological aspects of pyometra were analysed and correlated. Uterus fragments and intrauterine content samples were collected from pets diagnosed with pyometra (30) and submitted to histopathology analysis and bacterial culture, respectively. The degree of endometrial histopathological lesions in pyometra cases were classified as mild, moderate and severe. Thirty different bacteria isolates were identified from intrauterine content culture. Escherichia coli (E. coli) was pure isolated in 57.7% and highly related to severe endometrial lesions. Immunohistochemistry assay revealed the adhesion and invasion of this bacteria agent to the injured endometrium. Virulence aspects of these E. coli strains were explored, demonstrating biofilm formation ability and a set of virulence genes in most isolates. These results support the adaptive genetic and phenotypic advantages of E. coli for uterus infection, and justify the high frequency of this agent involved in pyometra cases.

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de cana-de-açúcar de maturação precoce, quanto à produtividade de colmos e de Brix, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Quinze genótipos de maturação precoce foram avaliados nas safras 2009/2010 e 2010/2011, por meio da análise de efeitos principais aditivos e interações multiplicativas (AMMI). As interações genótipo x ambiente foram de alta significância e evidenciaram a alteração de posição na classificação dos genótipos de um ambiente para outro. Novos genótipos superaram, em produtividade e estabilidade, o genótipo-padrão precoce RB855156, embora este ainda se destaque pela produtividade, estabilidade moderada e ampla adaptabilidade. O genótipo RB966928 destacou-se pela riqueza e produtividade de Brix, estabilidade moderada e ampla adaptabilidade. Salto do Jacuí, RS, é o ambiente mais indicado para testes preliminares de seleção de genótipos.Termos para indexação: Saccharum, AMMI, interação genótipo x ambiente, melhoramento vegetal. Adaptability and stability of early sugarcane genotypes in Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the adaptability and stability of early maturation sugarcane genotypes, as to yield of stalk and Brix, in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Fifteen early-maturing genotypes were evaluated in the 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 seasons, through the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis. Genotype x environment interactions were highly significant and evidenced changes in the genotype ranking according to the environment. New genotypes exceeded the standard early genotype RB855156 for productivity and stability, although it still stands out for its high productivity, moderate stability and wide adaptability. Genotype RB966928 stood out for its richness and yield of Brix, moderate stability and wide adaptability. Salto do Jacuí, RS, Brazil, is the most suitable site for preliminary tests of genotype selection.

ISSN 0100-736X (Print) ISSN 1678-5150 (Online) RESUMO.-[Linfoma no sistema nervoso de felinos: aspectos patológicos, imuno-histoquímicos e etiológicos em 16 gatos.] Os aspectos patológicos, imuno-histoquímicos (IHQ) e etiológicos do linfoma envolvendo o sistema nervoso de felinos foram analisados através de um estudo retrospectivo (período de 2004-2017) no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O envolvimento do sistema nervoso foi observado em 16 (12,2%) dos 125 felinos com linfoma desse estudo e afetou principalmente, jovens com idade mediana de 24 meses. A grande maioria dos casos o linfoma era secundário no sistema nervoso central e somente em três gatos o linfoma foi primário do sistema nervoso. Na IHQ, 14 (87,5%) casos foram positivos para FeLV, seis (37,5%) para FIV, e um foi negativo para ambos. A distribuição do linfoma no sistema nervoso foi em 8/16 felinos na medula espinhal, 7/16 no encéfalo e em 1/16 em nervos e gânglios paravertebrais (neurolinfomatose). Na medula espinhal, o padrão do linfoma foi exclusivamente extradural e frequentemente focal (6/8), localizadas nos segmentos lombares (3/6), sacrais (1/6), torácicos (1/6) e cervicais (1/6). No encéfalo, os padrões neuroanatômicos observados foram: linfomatose leptomeningeal (4/7), coroidite linfomatosa (2/7), linfoma intradural (1/7). ABSTRACT.-Mello L.S., Leite-Filho R.V., Panziera W., Bandinelli M.B., Sonne L., Driemeier D. & Pavarini S.P. 2019. Feline lymphoma in the nervous system: pathological, immunohistochemical, and etiological aspects in 16 cats. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 39(6):393-401.