The QoR-40 is a widely used and extensively validated measure of quality of recovery. The QoR-40 is a suitable measure of postoperative quality of recovery in a range of clinical and research situations.

RESUMO: "Estudo preliminar da atividade antimicrobiana do óleo essencial de Mentha x villosa Hudson, rotundifolona e seus análogos". Os óleos essenciais apresentam atividade antimicrobiana contra uma variedade de bactérias e fungos, incluindo espécies resistentes a antibióticos e antimicóticos. Neste contexto, este trabalho objetiva a avaliação da atividade de antimicrobiana do óleo essencial de Mentha x villosa Hudson (hortelã-da-folha-miúda) -seu componente majoritário (rotundifolona) e quatro análogos sintéticos da rotundifolona (epóxi-limoneno epóxi-pulegona, epóxi-carvona e (+)-pulegona) frente a cepas padrão de Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Candida albicans ATCC 76645 e uma cepa de Staphylococcus aureus meticilina -resistente -MRSA (171c) de clínica humana. Como método, foi utilizada a difusão em placas com médio sólido. Os resultados mostraram que o óleo de Mentha x villosa, rotundifolona, epóxi-limoneno e (+)-pulegona, são semelhante em função da atividade antimicrobiana para as cepas de S. aureus e C.albicans testadas. Todos os produtos apresentaram potencial antimicrobiano com atividade antibacteriana para S. aureus ATCC 25923 e atividade antifúngica para C. albicans ATCC 76645. Nenhum dos produtos apresentou atividade antimicrobiana para as cepas de E. coli ATCC 25922 e P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, representantes das bactérias Gram negativas.Unitermos: Mentha x villosa, Labiatae, óleo essencial, rotundifolona, atividade antimicrobiana. ABSTRACT:Essential oils present antimicrobial activity against a variety of bacteria and yeasts, including species resistant to antibiotics and antifungicals. In this context, this work aims at the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Mentha x villosa Hudson ("hortelã da folha miúda"), its major component (rotundifolone) and four similar analogues of rotundifolone (limonene oxide, pulegone oxide, carvone epoxide and (+)-pulegone) against strain standards of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, E. coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomona aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Candida albicans ATCC 76645 and one strain of meticilin -resistant Staphylococcus aureus -MRSA (171c) from human clinic. The method of the diffusion in plates with solid medium was used. The results showed that the oil of Mentha x villosa, rotundifolone, limonene oxide and (+)-pulegone, are similar regarding the antimicrobial activity against the tested strains of S. aureus and C. albicans. All of the products present antimocrobial potential with antibacterial activity for S. aureus ATCC 25923 and antifungal activity for C. albicans ATCC 76645. None of the products presented antimicrobial activity for the strains of E. coli ATCC 25922 and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, representatives of the Gram negative bacteria.

"In vitro antimicrobial activity and antiadherence of Rosmarinus offi cinalis Linn. against oral planktonic bacteria". In this study was investigated the antimicrobial activity and in vitro adherence inhibition of a hydro alcoholic Rosmarinus offi cinalis Linn. (alecrim) on standard strains of Streptococcus mitis ATCC 98811, Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC 10556, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 27609 and Lactobacillus casei ATCC 7469 extract. The test was carried out by inundation tecniques in Petri dishes to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and inclined tubes techniques the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Adherence to glass (MICA) at the presence of 5% sucrose. Tests with gluconate of chlorexidine 0.12% were performed as controls. MICs of the Rosmarinus offi cinalis extract dilutions (mg/mL) against S. sanguinis ATCC 10556, S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. sobrinus ATCC 27609 and L. casei ATCC 7469 were 1:1, 1:4, 1:1 e 1:4, respectively. The extract from alecrim inhibited all the standard strains growth tested, except for S. mitis ATCC 98811. MICAs of the Rosmarinus offi cinalis extract dilutions (mg/mL) against S. mitis ATCC 98811, S. mutans ATCC 25175 e S. sobrinus ATCC were 1:8, 1:16 e 1:8, respectively. The results suggest that there is a possibility of the alecrim use as an oral antimicrobial. Nevertheless, study models which could reproduce situations similar to those seen in bucal caries are necessary for the antimicrobial agents evaluation in the treatment and biofi lm dependant oral infections prevention.

Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus obtained from apparently healthy cattle in the State of Paraiba, Brazil were characterized in relation to resistance to 21 antimicrobial agents. Among the 46 isolates obtained, resistance to penicillin was most frequent, followed by resistance to cadmium, streptomycin, arsenate, tetracycline, mercury, erythromycin and kanamycin/neomycin. All isolates were susceptible to fusidic acid, ethidium bromide, cetrimide, chloramphenicol, benzalkonium chloride, doxycycline, gentamicin, methicillin, minocycline, novobiocin, rifamycin, tylosin and vancomycin. Only six isolates were susceptible to all the drugs tested. With respect to the antibiotics, multi-resistant isolates were uncommon. These results are probably a consequence of the peculiarities of local drug usage pressures. In relation to metal ions, resistance to mercury was rare while resistance to arsenate was relatively frequent, which contrasts with the situation for human Staph. aureus strains. After treatment with ethidium bromide, elimination of resistance to penicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin, erythromycin and cadmium was observed, which was consistent with the genetic determinants being plasmid-borne.

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Aims:  To investigate genetic diversity among Staphylococcus aureus and to delineate the geographical distribution of the strains found. Methods and Results:  RAPD‐PCR and ribotyping‐PCR were employed for the characterization of Staph. aureus isolates from bovine and nosocomial origin. Among the strains, five to nine groups were distinguished by RAPD‐PCR, depending on which primer was used, while ribotyping‐PCR distinguished seven ribotypes. Conclusions, and Significance and Impact of the Study:  These results demonstrate the genetic heterogeneity of the strains studied, and the large dissemination of some clones throughout different regions and hosts, findings that may allow the monitoring of Staph. aureus infections.

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RESUMO:Diante da problemática da resistência microbiana as pesquisas apontam para o uso de novos antibióticos que sejam efi cazes ante os patógenos emergentes. Este trabalho objetiva testar frente a bactérias gram-positivas (Staphylococcus aureus), bactérias gram-negativas (Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa) e fungos leveduriformes (Candida albicans), a atividade antimicrobiana e a concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) de fi toconstituintes de Ocotea duckei Vattimo, do lapachol, seus derivados semi-sintéticos, -lapachona, -nor-lapachona, -lapachona, -nor-lapachona, -3-iodo-lapachona e -3-iodo-lapachona, assim como 07 derivados nitrogenados obtidos a partir do lapachol por semi-síntese e de imidas cíclicas similares ao alcalóide fi lantimida. Os resultados obtidos estimulam o aprofundamento dos estudos para algumas dessas substâncias a exemplo do lapachol e seus análogos que demonstraram atividade antimicrobiana, de modo que os produtos que se apresentaram ativos para S. aureus, foram lapachol e o extrato etanólico de Ocotea duckei, para E. coli foi a iangambina e para a Candida albicans foram as imidas. As demais substâncias não apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana para as cepas testadas.Unitermos: Atividade antimicrobiana, fi toconstituintes, produtos de síntese, iangambina, lapachol, bactérias, leveduras.ABSTRACT: "In vitro antimicrobial activity and determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of natural and synthetic compounds against bacteria and leveduriform fungi". Regarding the problem of microbial resistance, the researches point to the use of new antibiotic which can be active against the emergent pathogens. This work aims to test the activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and leveduriform fungi (Candida albicans), and also the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the constituent of Ocotea duckei Vattimo, lapachol and its synthetic derivatives -lapachone, -nor-lapachone, -lapachone, -nor-lapachone, -3-iodinlapachone and -3-iodin-lapachone, as well as seven nitrogenated derivatives of lapachol obtained through semi synthesis. The achieved results stimulate the deepening of the studies for some of theses substances such as lapachol and its analogous which demonstrated antimicrobial activity. The substances which were active against S. aureus, were lapachol and the ethanolic extract of Ocotea duckei Vattimo, against Escherichia coli iangambin and against C. albicans the imides. The other substances did not show any activity against the tested bacteria.