Diabetes is a metabolic disease which has hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion or action. HbA1C is one of the most reliable test used for estimation of glycaemic index. Diabetes is often accompanied by undiagnosed dyslipidaemia, characterized by increased triglyceride level, decreased high-density lipoprotein levels and increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. Diabetes is a significant risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The purpose of this study was to correlate lipid parameters with different levels of HbA1c to assess dyslipidaemia with diabetic status. An observational study was conducted in biochemistry laboratory at Gandhi Hospital, Telangana.After informed consent, 5ml of venous blood sample was collected in plain tube and EDTA tube from diabetic and apparently non diabetic patients. Estimation of serum triglycerides was done by glycerol phosphate oxidase peroxidase, serum cholesterol by cholesterol oxidase method, serum HDL by direct clearance method in Beckmann Coulter AU 500 and HbA1c was estimated by high performance liquid chromatography in Bio-Rad D10.A total of 90 samples were divided into 3 groups according to their HbA1c results. Group 1 with HbA1c less than 5.6, Group 2 with HbA1c 5.6-7 and Group 3 with HbA1c more than 7.The present study showed no variation in the lipid profile in Group1 with HbA1c < 5.6. In Group 2 with HbA1c between 5.6-7, there was significant increase in LDL cholesterol. In Group 3 with HbA1c >7 there was marked increase in LDL, serum triglyceride. Hence we can conclude that dyslipidemia is increased in poor glycemic control and evaluation of HbA1c may also be used as a predictor of dyslipidaemia in diabetics.

Introduction: Serum Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone released from the zona fasciculata layer of the adrenal cortex, which plays an important role in regulation of blood pressure and metabolism. Hypothyroidism causes elevated cortisol levels due to both decreased clearance and negative feedback of cortisol on the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis. Aim: To investigate the correlation of serum cortisol and with Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and serum cortisol levels in patients with hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: Present case-control study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Secunderabad, Telanagana, India, July 2022 to August 2022. A total of 60 patients with hypothyroidism (cases) aged between 35-60 years, and 60 controls were selected from Gandhi Medical College and Hospital. Samples were analysed in Siemens Advia centaur XPT. T3, T4, TSH and cortisol levels were estimated by “CLIA” method. Data were statistically analysed using Karl Pearson’s correlation test. Results: In present study, there were five males and 55 females in control group, 23 males and 37 females were in case group. The mean age in cases was 39.39±6.44 years and in control group was 39.38±10.97 years. The mean T3 in subjects cases was 10.74±5.34 ng/mL, as compared to 8.93±2.78 ng/mL, in controls. The mean TSH level in cases was 13.38±20.43 mIU/L, as compared to 3.47±4.20 mIU/L, in controls. The mean cortisol level in cases was 64.88.44±16.25 µg/dL, as compared to 9.55±5.59 µg/dL, in controls. There was significant positive correlation between serum cortisol level and T3 (r=0.12, p-value 0.02), T4 (r=0.12, p-value 0.02), and TSH Levels ( r= 0.31, p-value 0.01) in case group. Conclusion: The results of present study showed that serum levels of cortisol were significantly increased in hypothyroidism patients as compared to normal healthy controls.

Background: Coagulation tests are widely applied in clinical practice, among which PT and aPTT are the most commonly done. Among many preanalytical conditions –time, temperature and storage conditions are few of the factors affecting the results of samples. This study aims to compare PT and aPTT values in primary tubes and sample aliquots after 4 hours duration with the initial value. Materials & Methods : An observational study was done at Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Gandhi Hospital, Secunderabad, T.S. Samples were collected in citrated tubes, centrifuged, PT and aPTT were processed with plasma of primary tubes. Sufcient quantity of plasma was aliquoted immediately from primary tubes and kept at room temperature for 4 hours after which the plasma of primary tubes and aliquots were re-analyzed separately and values were compared. Results: Pearson correlation was performed to show the relation. PT and aPTT values obtained in the primary tube and aliquot were correlating with the initial value (PT-r =0.833,0.831 respectively) and (aPTT-r =0.97,0.87 respectively) and also with each other (PT-r =0.99) and (aPTT-r =0.90) respectively. There is no statistical signicant difference in PT of primary tube and aliquots when compared to initial PT (p>0.01). Incase of APTT there is statistically signicant difference in primary tube and aliquot when compared to initial value (p<0.01) where as there is no signicant difference of APTT values in aliquot and primary tube after 4 hours (p>0.01). Conclusion: The present study shows no difference of PT values in aliquots and primary tube when compared to initial value, whereas APTT values differ from initial values in samples stored for more than 4 hours in primary tube and aliquot.

Introduction: The Current 3 major LAC guidelines (BSH, ISTH & CLSI) recommends mixing tests for detection of LAC, even though these test order/ sequence vary & there are certain limitations, but still these guidelines advocates mixing test so as to maximize the diagnostic performance. The main objective of this study is to assess sensitivity of these tests in 255 LAC cases. Results: The Coagulometer used is Sysmex CS-5100. RI Cut offs ≤ 10 = Correction & ≥ 15 = Inhibitor & SNR > 1.15 indicates inhibitor. Of 255 LAC cases RI showed a sensitivity of 72% in correctly detecting LAC were as 11.7% were indeterminate & 15% were wrongly interpretated as factor deficiency. SNR showed a sensitivity of 83% in correctly detecting LAC were as 10.9% were indeterminate & 5.8% were wrongly interpretated as factor deficiency. Discussion: BSH & ISTH guidelines recommends Standardised Normalised ratio (mixing test-specific cut off) and Rosners index (ICA) for interpretation of mixing test results in detecting LAC.This study shows that SNR is more sensitive than RI for detecting LAC while interpretating Mixing test results. This study was in correlation with Moore & Kumano's study. Conclusion: It is difficult to interpretate mixing study results in LAC patients. It is valuable to maximise mixing test interpretation as the dilution can lead to false-negative results .RI & SNR were comparatively analysed for their sensitivity to detect LAC in mixing studies & these data applied with the reagents and equipment employed, SNR was found to be more sensitive as compared to RI.