Schwannomas are tumors of the Schwann cells found in the myelin sheath. They cause 5% of all benign softtissue cancers, occur equally in males and females, and occur later in life. Since they remain asymptomatic, diagnosing and treating them becomes challenging; current guidelines recommend imaging followed by excision. Here, we present a case of a 19-year-old male who presents in an outpatient setting with a history of painless swelling of the fifth digit for the past four years. Past medical history and physicals are unremarkable. Microscopic findings from fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) confirmed the schwannoma diagnosis, showing loosely arranged spindle cells with elongated nuclei with pointed ends dispersed within the myxoid stroma.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) arises from the renal tubular epithelial cells and comprises a group of heterogenous renal tumors. Renal tumors can metastasize to involve almost any body organ, the common sites being the lung, liver, bone, brain, adrenal gland, head, neck, and rarely, inferior vena cava (IVC), leading to lethal outcomes. We present a case of RCC with IVC invasion in a patient who presented with right-sided flank pain and gross hematuria. His routine biochemical and hematological parameters were unremarkable, and an abdominal examination revealed a complex renal mass with mild hydronephrosis. The patient underwent contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography with venography, which showed a right renal upper polar mass lesion extending into the right vein obliterating it up to its junction with the IVC. Integrating examination and imaging findings were suggestive of right renal RCC. Our case highlights the importance of standard preoperative MRI imaging to assess IVC invasion and its morphologic features including vessel breach or complete occlusion of the IVC.
Blood smear is considered as the gold standard test to diagnose Malaria parasite. The newer RDTs (malaria antigen) are reported to be highly sensitive, specific and time saving as compared to other diagnostic modalities. This test is undertaken to compare the efficacy of PfHRP-2 tests, PLDH and manual technique. A total of 252 cases of malaria as diagnosed by Composite reference techniquewere studied. The sensitivity of TFM, RDTs and PCR is 71.5%, 84.3% and 82.6% respectively and the specificity is 81.9%, 77.2% and 78.2% respectively.: The fact that the PCR & RDTs are costly, cannot assess the response of patients to treatment and inability to assess parasitic stage and density, makes the old dictum “Blood smears are the gold standard for the diagnosis of Malaria” to still hold truth.
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