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Two promising new sugarcane clones PS 05-370 and PS 06-103 along with control varieties were evaluated for the stability of their performance at ten locations across three years. Parameters observed include cane yield in tonnes cane per hectare (TCH), sugar content or commercial cane sugar (CCS) in %, and sugar yield in tonnes sugar per hectare (TSH). Significant differences were observed in genotypes and locations x genotypes interactions for TCH, CCS and TSH. Additive Main Effect Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) stability analysis showed that these two sugarcane clones are specific location; grown in inceptisol soil with C3 climate type (Oldeman), sugar productivity (TSH) of PS 05-370 and PS 06-103 increased by 17-21%, compared to standard control variety PS 881. These two promising clones are early to mid maturing varieties and therefore, are recommended to be harvested earlier, to fill up the need for crushed material in the beginning of the milling season.

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Newly released sugarcane varieties need to be adapted to various environments. This research was aimed at examining the growth and yield potential of newly released varieties of sugarcane in the first year as plant cane (PC) and the second year as first ratoon cane (RC1) on dry land. The research was carried out at Wedarijaksa station, Trangkil Sugar Mill area, Pati, Central Java in 2019–2021. Four sugarcane varieties were grown using a double rows system, AAS Agribun, ASA Agribun, AMS Agribun, and CMG Agribun and one commercial variety, PSJK 922. Measurements of crop growth were made periodically: yield components at harvest in PC-RC1, and physiological characteristics 5 months after planting. The results indicate that mean tonnes of cane and sugar per hectare between PC and RC1 decreased by 22.7% and 21.0%, respectively, for AAS Agribun, ASA Agribun, and CMG Agribun due to decreased stem weights. AMS Agribun showed the smallest decrease in tonnes of cane (4%) and increase in tonnes of sugar per hectare (2%) from PC to RC1. The highest number of tonnes of sugar in PC was achieved by ASA Agribun (12.8 t ha−1), slightly above PSJK 922 (12.69 t ha−1). The decline in tonnes of cane and sugar needs to be reduced by the continuously improving cultivation techniques. The mean photosynthetic water use efficiency of tested new varieties was 7.46 µmol CO2 mol H2O−1. These research findings provide information on crop performance and can be used as a basis for selecting varieties to be developed in the region. Further studies will be required to test these new sugarcane varieties in a wide range of agroecological zones in Indonesia.

Ramie productivity can achieve optimum through improving soil fertility and adding cow manure and zeolite to the soil. The research was conducted in 2018 at Karangploso Research Station-ISFRI. The research design used was a completely randomized design with two factors of manure and zeolite, three replications. Cow manure treatments consisted of no cow manure (P0), 2 tons cow manure (P1), 4 tons cow manure (P2), 6 tons cow manure (P3), while zeolite treatments consisted of no zeolite (Z0) and 4 tons zeolite/ha (Z1). The results showed that the application of zeolite and cow manure affected soil properties and the growth of ramie. The combination treatment of fertilizer and zeolite gave various values of pH, N, C-organic, plant height, and the number of leaves, although there was no interaction. The best results were found in treating 6 tons/ha of cow manure and 4 tons/ha of zeolite with pH values: 6.37 and 6.26; N-Total 0.14% and 0.15%; C-Organic: 1.14% and 1.13%, respectively. Treatments of 6 tons cow manure and 4 tons zeolite gave the best hemp growth, namely plant height at 84 (Days After Planting), DAP 123.23 cm and 98.5 cm, and the number of leaves 104 80.

The use of superior varieties must involve cultivation aspects. The use of superior varieties supported by good cultivation techniques will provide higher sugarcane yields and productivity compared to conventional cultivation systems. Problems in sugarcane cultivation by farmers were identified and then those are used for assembling the suitable cultivation technology. The acceleration activity was carried out in Sukobendu village, Mantup District, Lamongan Regency, in January - December 2015 using an area of around 10 ha. The 10 ha land consists of 9 ha of farmer’s land, with providing qualified sugar cane seeds, while 1 ha is used for Field Laboratory media. In field laboratory plot, cultivation technique applied consted of budchip seeds, introduction of double planting systems, addition of organic fertilizers, optimal plant maintenance and proper leaf detrashing. The use of bud chip seeds resulted in a highest sugarcane production and farmers’ income. Implementation of integrated sugarcane cultivation technology in field laboratory could be an inspiration for the farmers to adopt the cultivation technology. These include unloading ratoon, the use of early mature and drought resistant varieties, bud chip seeds, double planting system, addition of organic fertilizer, and an optimal plant maintenance.

The main constraints in toxic candlenut [Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw] cultivation is late harvest time initiation, naturally begin to fruit at the age of 5-6 years after planting, so the crop management research is directed to more quickly harvest time (less than 5 years) through grafting. The study was carried out to determine grafting technique supporting high compatibility by studying aspects of scion sources and method of grafting, on grafting success and morphological performance during early process of graft formation and seedling stage, further plant growth. The treatment design used was Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four replications, consisting of five grafting treatments: 1) KS1/KS1 cleft grafting, 2) KS1/KS2 cleft grafting, 3) KS1/KS1 whip grafting, 4) KS1/KS2 whip grafting, and 5) KS1 plants from seed (ungrafted plant). The best grafting technique was treatment combination of scion of KS2 and top cleft or V-shaped grafting. Observation of 3 years old showed that the productive age of grafted plants faster than ungrafted plants. The highest percentage of flowering plants could be seen in the KS1/KS1 cleft grafting followed by KS1/KS1 whip grafting, KS1/KS2 cleft grafting and KS1/KS2 whip grafting. Whereas in plants that come from seeds had not entered the reproductive phase.