With the proliferation of mobile network, mobile devices, and Web of things, many different industries including government departments, private firms, and research communities offer more transparency through releasing data. The resultant effort offers a new paradigm-open data-still at infancy stage though. Despite the rising research initiatives explaining its benefits and challenges, and demonstrating policy conception and project details, no systematic survey of extant literature on open data is performed yet. Such a study could examine open data from a holistic canvas, assess the current status of research and propose future direction. This study conducts a review of the extant literature in order to ascertain the current state of research on open data and present an extensive exploration for eleven different types of analyses: contexts, perspectives, level of analysis, research methods, the drivers, benefits, barriers, theory/model development, the most productive journals, authors, and institutions. Also, we present a number of future research agendas. This study also explains the implications to assist researchers, policy makers and journal editors.
Purpose-The purpose of this study is to explore the contributing barriers to corporate social and environmental responsibility (CSER) practices. In particular, this study focuses on non-managerial stakeholders' perceptions of the barriers to CSER practices in a developing country context. The study also investigates the current initiatives undertaken by the different stakeholders, such as, government, NGOs, and regulators. Design/methodology and approach-The study takes a qualitative approach, undertaking semi-structured indepth interviews with 26 participants from NGOs, the media, regulatory authorities, government departments, shareholders, trade union leaders and customers. Findings-The views of stakeholder groups were analysed to identify the contributing barriers to CSER practices. The findings of the study reveal that corruption and politics, lack of coordination, lack of government initiatives and unsatisfactory implementation of laws are perceived as the major barriers that hinder CSER practices in Bangladesh. The study also found that a lack of awareness among various stakeholder groups regarding the influential role CSER plays in promoting sustainable development. The current initiatives undertaken by various stakeholders to improve CSER practices found limited but growing. Research implications-The research utilises stakeholder theory to examine the role of stakeholders, rather than managers, in relation to CSER practice in Bangladesh. The findings may provide impetus for mitigating CSER barriers in a developing country context. Originality/Value-This paper is one of the few engagement-based studies to explore the non-managerial stakeholders' views on CSER in a developing country context.
Background: GM2 gangliosidosis variant 0 (human Sandhoff disease) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficiencies of acid b-hexosaminidase (Hex) A and Hex B because of an abnormality of the b-subunit, a common component in these enzyme molecules, which is coded by the HEXB gene.Objective: To describe the clinical, pathological, biochemical, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of Sandhofflike disease identified in a family of Toy Poodles.Animals: Three red-haired Toy Poodles demonstrated clinical signs including motor disorders and tremor starting between 9 and 12 months of age. The animals finally died of neurological deterioration between 18 and 23 months of age. There were some lymphocytes with abnormal cytoplasmic vacuoles detected.Methods: Observational case study.Results: The common MRI finding was diffuse T2-hyperintensity of the subcortical white matter in the cerebrum. Bilateral T2-hyperintensity and T1-hypointensity in the nucleus caudatus, and atrophic findings of the cerebrum and cerebellum, were observed in a dog in the late stage. Histopathologically, swollen neurons with pale to eosinophilic granular materials in the cytoplasm were observed throughout the central nervous system. Biochemically, GM2 ganglioside had accumulated in the brain, and Hex A and Hex B were deficient in the brain and liver. Pedigree analysis demonstrated that the 3 affected dogs were from the same family line.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The Sandhoff-like disease observed in this family of Toy Poodles is the 2nd occurrence of the canine form of this disease and the 1st report of its identification in a family of dogs.
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