RESUMO:A espécie Phaseolus lunatus L., conhecida popularmente como feijão-fava constitui uma das alternativas de renda e alimentação para a população da região Nordeste do Brasil. Um dos problemas enfrentados são as doenças que provocam grandes perdas na produção de sementes. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a eficiência dos óleos essenciais de copaíba, cravo-da-índia e manjericão na redução da incidência de fungos associados às sementes de feijão-fava, e sua interferência na qualidade fisiológica. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por óleos essenciais de copaíba, cravo-da-índia e manjericão nas concentrações de 0; 1; 1,5 e 2 mL. L -1 e fungicida (Captan ® ). Foram utilizadas 200 sementes por tratamento. Para análise da qualidade sanitária das sementes foi adotado o método de incubação em placas de Petri contendo dupla camada de papel-filtro umedecida com ADE, sob temperatura de 20 ±2 ºC, por 7 dias. A qualidade fisiológica das sementes foi determinada com base nos testes de germinação, emergência e vigor das sementes. Para o teste germinação foi empregado método de rolo de papel germitest e na emergência osemeio foi realizado em bandejas plásticas contendo areia lavada esterilizada, em condição de casa de vegetação, e após 9 dias da instalação foi determinado o vigor com base nos resultados de índice de velocidade de germinação e emergência; comprimento da parte aérea, raiz primária e plântula; e teor de massa seca da partes aérea, raízes e plântulas de feijão-fava. O delineamento experimental foi interiamente casualizados, em esquama de fatorial simples (3x4)+1 (óleos essenciais x concentrações + fungicida), com quatro repetições de 50 sementes. Os óleos essenciais de copaíba e manjericão reduziram consideravelmente o percentual de incidência dos fungos associados as sementes de feijão-fava. O óleo essencial de cravo-da-índia na concetração de 2 mL. L -1 , reduziu a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de feijão-fava. Palavras-chave:Copaifera langsdorffii, Caryophyllus aromaticus, Ocimum basilicum, Sanidade, Qualidade fisiológica. ABSTRACT: Efficiency of essential oils in the sanitary and physiological quality of lima bean seeds (Phaseolus lunatus L.).The Phaseolus lunatus L. species, popularly known as lima bean, is one of the alternative sources of income and food for the population of Northeast Brazil. One of the problems is the diseases that cause great losses in seed production. This study evaluated the effectiveness of essential oils of copaiba, clove, and basil in reducing the incidence of fungi associated with lima bean seeds, as well as the effect on their physiological quality. The treatments consisted of essential oils of copaiba, clove, and basil at concentrations of 0; 1; 1.5; and 2 mL. L-1 and fungicide (Captan®). A total of 200 seeds were used per treatment. To analyze the sanitary quality of the seeds, the method used was incubation in petri dishes containing a double layer of filter paper moistened with distilled sterilized water at a temperature of 20 ± 2°C, for seven days. The physiologic...
The tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata is the aetiological agent of Alternaria brown spot on tangerines. In the state of Paraíba, Brazil, its occurrence on "Dancy" tangerine trees is associated with genetic aspects as well as the influence of environmental conditions on reproduction and dissemination within and between populations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diversity of isolates of this pathogen using morphophysiological and molecular markers. For the analysis of mycelial growth and sporulation, 30 isolates from different locations were examined at 24-hour intervals until the seventh day, when the spores were quantified. The 30 isolates were characterised based on molecular markers (ISSR) and genetic similarity (Jaccard index). A factor arrangement was used: 30 isolates, four media (ODA, PDA, LEA and V8), three light regimes (continuous dark, alternating light and continuous light) and three temperatures (15˚C, 25˚C and 35˚C), with 12 repetitions. Groups 1, 2 and 3 presented low genetic variability. Group 4 showed high genetic variability of the isolates obtained from the Massaranduba (state of Paraíba-Brazil) producing region and higher mycelial growth and sporulation of A. alternata. The continuous light regime and the temperature 25˚C in PDA and V8 media were the ideal conditions for the mycelial growth and sporulation, respectively, of the isolates of A. alternata.
Aims: The aim of this study was to characterize and select plants with ornamental potential and resistant to pathogens in generation F2. Study Design: For genetic divergence analysis, Tocher's grouping method was used, based on the standardized Euclidean distance. Analyses were carried out for the quantitative and qualitative data separately and also for the data together. In addition, the relative importance of the characteristics evaluated for genetic divergence was calculated using SINGH's Methodology (1981). All analyses were performed using the computational Genes program. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory of the Center of Agrarian Sciences (CCA) of the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB). The treatments consisted of 354 progenies, an F2 generation of ornamental peppers (Capsicum annuum L), belonging to the Germplasm Bank of UFPB, derived from the controlled self-fertilization of F1 and obtained from the crossing between the parents UFPB390 X UFPB137. Plants grown in vessels of 900 mL filled with commercial substrate. There was variability among genotypes for the evaluated characters. Methodology: Genotypes were characterized according to the descriptors for Capsicum suggested by IPGRI. 20 quantitative characters and 4 qualitative in ornamental peppers were evaluated. Leaves identified from an optical microscope using the illustrated descriptor of imperfect fungus. Results: The variability between genotypes was higher for qualitative characters related to disease resistance. It is possible to select individual plants for opening lines in Generation F3. 7 plants; 7; 15; 50; 69; 120; 155; 157; 196; 314; 326; 331; 347 should be selected for not presenting symptoms of fungi diseases. Conclusion: Greater diversity among genotypes was detected when the incidence of diseases in the plants was evaluated. The plants 7; 15; 50; 69; 120; 155; 157; 196; 314; 326; 331; 347 should be selected because they do not present symptoms of fungal diseases.
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