<p>Identification of the authenticity of variety is important in order to ensure the purly of rice variety. Variety identification based on visual traits is a common technique, but it is difficult to be applied when ones encounter almost similar varieties. An alternative technique is using the image processing analysis combined with the discriminant analysis. The research objectives were: (1) to develop the geometrical, shape and textural description of rice varieties (Ciherang, Inpari 10 and Inpari 13) generated based on the image process properties, (2) to determine selective geometry, shape and texture variables, and (3) to identify rice variety using discriminant analysis. Digital image of rice grains was captured by a scanner, then was quantified by image process application in order to generate geometry, shape and texture data. Discriminant model was built using 5 of 17 input variables that have strong discriminant power. Discriminant model represented<br />85.9% of the data variability. The model accuracy based on the cross validation method for Ciherang, Inpari 10 dan Inpari 13 varieties was 53.6%, 52.8% dan 76.0%, respectively. Image process technology and discriminant analysis has a potential as a technique for identifying rice variety based on the seed physical criteria. Further works need to be done in order to increase the accuracy of the model.</p>
<p class="abstrakinggris">The common method used for purity testing of rice seed is human visual observation. This method, however, has a high degree of subjectivity when dealing with different rice varieties which have similar morphology. Digital image analysis with flatbed scanning for purity testing of rice seed was proposed by investigating the morphology of rice seeds and confirmation by grow out test (GOT) in the field. Two extra-long seed varieties were used in this study including a red rice Aek Sibundong and an aromatic rice Sintanur. The identification on 14 parameters of morphological characteristics indicated that only six parameters were correlated, i.e. area, feret, minimum feret, aspect ratio, round, and solidity. The purity of rice seed can be effectively determined using digital image analysis of spikelet color and shape. Based on the discriminant analysis of the digital image the recognition rate of rice seed purity was higher than 99.2% for shape and 93.55% for color. The method, therefore, has a potential to be used as a complement in rice seed purity testing to increase the accuracy of human visual method and it is more sensitive than GOT.</p>
<p>Seed is a component of production that contributes to increasing the national rice production. The use of low-quality seeds compared with production costs, non-uniform plant growth, yield reduction, and yield quality. One effort to improve the quality of seed vigor is through invigoration treatment. Invigoration technique among other hydration, thermal treatment, and coating. The hydration method is a water absorption system in seeds. Uncontrolled absorption (hydro-priming), by soaking and drying the seeds, hardening, on-farm priming, soaking for a certain period. The controlled system (osmo-priming) by immersing in osmotic solution, osmo-hardening (integration of hardening and osmo-priming), matri-priming with moist solid media, humidifications (with high humidity), and hormonal priming (with hormones. The second method is by temperature treatment, including by cooling and heating. The third technique is the coating treatment, namely coating the seeds. Hydration system hydro-priming for 30 hours can break seed dormancy with normal germination capacity of 91.3-99.3% in Memberamo, Cipunagara, and Maros varieties. The hardening technique is effective in increasing the germination of hybrid rice seeds for 12 hours with 2 cycles and for 24 hours with one cycle. The osmo-priming technique of soaking seeds in a 10 ppm GA3 solution or a mixture of 10 ppm GA3 + 15 ppm kinetin was effective in increasing the vigor of hybrid rice seeds. The matri-priming technique with rubbing ash as a medium plus the addition of 50 µ m GA3 was effective in breaking dormancy of the Membramo, Cipunagara, and Maros varieties of rice. It is can be applied, especially by small farmers.</p><p>Keywords: Rice, seed, invigoration, quality</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><strong>PENERAPAN TEKNIK INVIGORASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN VIGOR BENIH PADI </strong></p><p>Benih merupakan komponen budi daya yang berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan produksi padi nasional. Penggunaan benih bermutu rendah berpengaruh terhadap penambahan biaya produksi, pertumbuhan tanaman tidak seragam, dan penurunan hasil dan mutu hasil. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan mutu benih dari aspek vigor yang rendah adalah melalui perlakuan invigorasi. Teknik invigorasi dibagi menjadi tiga metode, yaitu hidrasi, perlakuan suhu, dan pelapisan (coating). Metode hidrasi merupakan sistem penyerapan air yang dapat terjadi pada benih. Penyerapan tidak terkontrol (hydro-priming) yaitu dengan merendam dan mengeringkan benih, pengerasan (hardening), on-farm priming yaitu merendam dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Sedangkan terkontrol (osmo-priming) dengan merendam pada larutan osmotik, osmo-hardening (integrasi hardening dan osmo-priming), matripriming dengan media padat lembab, humidifications (dengan kelembaban tinggi), dan hormonal priming (dengan hormon). Metode kedua adalah dengan perlakuan suhu, diantaranya dengan pendinginan dan pemanasan. Teknik ketiga adalah dengan perlakuan coating yaitu melapisi benih. Sistem hidrasi hydropriming selama 30 jam dapat mematahkan dormansi benih dengan daya kecambah normal 91,3-99,3% pada varietas Memberamo, Cipunagara, dan Maros. Teknik hardening efektif meningkatkan daya berkecambah benih padi hibrida selama 12 jam dengan dua siklus dan selama 24 jam dengan satu siklus. Teknik osmo-priming perendaman benih dalam larutan GA3 10 ppm atau larutan campuran GA3 10 ppm + kinetin 15 ppm efektif meningkatkan vigor benih padi hibrida. Teknik matri-priming dengan abu gosok sebagai media plus penambahan GA3 50 µm efektif mematahkan dormansi padi varietas Membramo, Cipunagara, dan Maros. Teknik invigorasi tersebut dapat diterapkan, khususnya oleh petani dengan skala produksi kecil.</p><p>Kata kunci: Padi, benih, invigorasi, mutu</p>
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