Developing of drought tolerant hybrid rice varieties requires parental lines which have tolerance to drought. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been widely used as an osmotic solution for detecting drought 58025B, GMJ 14B, IR 80154B, GMJ 15B, R 3, PK 90, dan PK 12. Kata kunci: PEG, perkecambahan, tetua padi hibrida, toleran kekeringan PENDAHULUANKekeringan merupakan salah satu cekaman abiotik yang dapat menyebabkan penurunan hasil dan kualitas gabah padi (Pandey dan Bhandari, 2008). Kehilangan hasil disebabkan oleh cekaman kekeringan diperkirakan mencapai 58% (Ouk et al., 2006). Oleh karena itu, menjadi tantangan bagi pemulia untuk merakit varietas padi toleran cekaman kekeringan sekaligus memiliki potensi hasil tinggi.Teknologi padi hibrida merupakan alternatif untuk mencapai potensi hasil tinggi pada kondisi optimum

ABSTRAK Dua pendekatan untuk meningkatan produksi padi dengan varietas unggul baru (VUB) melalui konsep padi tipe baru (PTB) dan eksploitasi heterosis padi hibrida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hasil dan komponen hasil 36 genotipe padi hibrida pada tahap daya hasil pendahuluan di dua lokasi pengujian. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada musim tanam kedua MT (II) Tahun

The adaptation of hybrid rice varieties mostly are in specific location and season, but there are some of the varieties have a wide adaptation then adopted by the farmer in the large area. Replicated yield trials were conducted to study the stability of hybrid rice yield and identify the best location to optimize their yield per ha. The trials were conducted in three location such as Sukamandi, Salatiga and Malang during two seasons in 2011. Data across location and season were analazed by using AMMI and Eberhart Russel methods. The AMMI analysis showed that the IR79156A/PK88 was adaptable to favorable environments but unstable. This hybrid is always performing well and produce the higher yield compare to check variety. Some of other hybrids were good only in specific location, i.e. IR62829A/BP2280-1E-12-22 and IR58029A/ BP2280-1E-12-22. Those hybrids produced higher yield in Salatiga and Malang, respectively. Seem to AMMI analysis, the result of Eberhart and Russell method also showed that IR79156A/PK81 was the best hybrid with regression slope (b) around 1 with the yield average higher than average of all hybrids. It indicated that this hybrid has a wide adaptation and probably can be cultivated in the wider ecosystem.

Agronomic Characters of New Hybrid Rice. Nita Kartina, Yuni Widyastuti, and Satoto. Hybrid rice is the F 1 generation derived from the crossing between cytolasmic genetic male sterile and restorer as two parental line. Development of hybrid rice technology obtained throught heterosis This research has the aim was to assess the agronomy characters of some new hybrid rice. Four hundred of Indonesia Center of Rice Research (ICRR) new hybrids rice selected based on yield and phenotipic performances. The activitity conducted in Sukamandi field West Java Province in wet season 2012. The research was arranged in an augmented design that divided in to seven blocks. Each block consist of 20 hybrid rice and five check such as Mapan P.05, Inpari 13, Dodokan, Ciherang, and Hipa 8. There are fourteen hybrids rice showed good agronomic characters and has higher heterosis standard than Ciherang and Hipa 8. Four hybrid rice combinations give the result that significantly different than Ciherang (5.59 t/ha) as check variety. Those hybrids are GMJ11/CRS777 (9.1 t/ha), GMJ12/CRS707 (7.6 t/ha), GMJ13/CRS703 (8.7 t/ha), and GMJ12/CRS795 (7.95 t/ha).

The hybrid rice program has been established since early 1990's at the Indonesia Center for Rice Research (ICRR). Twenty-four experimental hybrid rice varieties which have been developed were tested in lowland rice fields in Sukamandi (West Java) and Batang (Central Java) during the dry season and the rainy season of 2012. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used in each location. The results showed that grains yields were affected by locations, seasons, and genotypes. The genotypes x locations x seasons interaction effect was significant; therefore, the best hybrid was different for each location and season. A7/PK36 hybrid has the best performance in Batang during the dry season, while A7/PK40 and A7/PK32 are the best hybrids in the rainy season. In Sukamandi, nine hybrids were identified as better yielder than that of the check cultivar in the dry season, but not so in the rainy season. Using the correlation and path analysis, we found that the number of panicles per hill and the number of filled grains per panicle could be used as selection criteria for yield in hybrid rice.

<div data-canvas-width="788.5">Some statistical analyses were employed to depict responses of genotype (G) on environment (E). Regression analysis</div><div data-canvas-width="802.6966666666665">reflects the average index of G x E to calculate the genotype responses to heterogenous environment. Regression deviation</div><div data-canvas-width="802.6916666666664">was employed to count the stability of the result obtained through such a method, which, further be developed to test</div><div data-canvas-width="802.7233333333332">the average effect of G x E through a combination of additive effects of multivariate analysis with multiplication effect</div><div data-canvas-width="802.6350000000001">on the primary component (AMMI model). Regression analysis showed that Ciherang, Hibrindo R1, IH806 hybrid was</div><div data-canvas-width="339.73166666666657">more superior than others in terms of stability and</div><div data-canvas-width="462.62666666666667">product adaptability, whereas IH805, IH808, and IH809, are specific</div><div data-canvas-width="424.0566666666667">for locations Batang, Jember, Ngawi, and Madiun, respectively.</div>

ABSTRAKSeleksi tetua berdasarkan nilai daya gabungnya merupakan salah satu pendekatan yang efektif untuk perakitan padi hibrida. Empat galur CMS dan 4 galur R disilangkan menggunakan metode persilangan lini x tester menghasilkan 16 F1 hibrida. Sebanyak 8 galur tetua dan 16 hibrida ditanam dengan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap diulang 3 kali di KP Kuningan dan Muara BB Padi selama tahun 2012-2013. Hasilnya menunjukkan nilai daya gabung umum (DGU) yang signifikan terdapat pada karakter jumlah gabah isi per malai, bobot 1000 butir, dan umur 50% berbunga. Nilai daya gabung khusus (DGK) signifikan terdapat pada karakter tinggi tanaman dan hasil gabah. Tetua dengan nilai DGU terbaik GMJ12A (galur A) dan CRS703 (galur R) dan berpotensi menghasilkan F 1 hibrida hasil tinggi. Diantara F 1 hibrida, GMJ6A/CRS707 dan GMJ12A/CRS707 menunjukkan nilai DGK positif tertinggi untuk hasil gabah.Kata kunci: DGK, DGU, heterosis, lini x tester, padi hibrida ABSTRACT Selection of parents based on their combining ability is an effective approach in hybrid breeding. Four CMS and four restorer lines were crossed in line x tester mating design to obtain 16 F 1 hybrids rice. The 8 parental lines and 16 hybrids rice were planted in randomized complete block design with three replications at Kuningan and Muara field station of ICRR during 2012-2013. The results revealed that mean squares for GCA were significant for number of fertile spikelet per panicle, a thousand-grains weight, and 50% days of flowering. Mean squares for SCA were significant for plant height and grain yield. Parental lines exhibited the highest GCA effects for GMJ12A (line) and CRS703 (tester) for grain yield trait and revealed good potential to be used as parents for hybrid rice. Among all the crosses, GMJ6A/CRS707 and GMJ12A/CRS707 showed the greatest positive SCA effects for grain yield and had heterosis over better parent and midparent.

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