PREDICTION OF COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS IN THE SELECTED PARENTS AND HYBRIDS IN RICE (Oryza Sativa.L)

Abstract

ABSTRAKSeleksi tetua berdasarkan nilai daya gabungnya merupakan salah satu pendekatan yang efektif untuk perakitan padi hibrida. Empat galur CMS dan 4 galur R disilangkan menggunakan metode persilangan lini x tester menghasilkan 16 F1 hibrida. Sebanyak 8 galur tetua dan 16 hibrida ditanam dengan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap diulang 3 kali di KP Kuningan dan Muara BB Padi selama tahun 2012-2013. Hasilnya menunjukkan nilai daya gabung umum (DGU) yang signifikan terdapat pada karakter jumlah gabah isi per malai, bobot 1000 butir, dan umur 50% berbunga. Nilai daya gabung khusus (DGK) signifikan terdapat pada karakter tinggi tanaman dan hasil gabah. Tetua dengan nilai DGU terbaik GMJ12A (galur A) dan CRS703 (galur R) dan berpotensi menghasilkan F 1 hibrida hasil tinggi. Diantara F 1 hibrida, GMJ6A/CRS707 dan GMJ12A/CRS707 menunjukkan nilai DGK positif tertinggi untuk hasil gabah.Kata kunci: DGK, DGU, heterosis, lini x tester, padi hibrida ABSTRACT Selection of parents based on their combining ability is an effective approach in hybrid breeding. Four CMS and four restorer lines were crossed in line x tester mating design to obtain 16 F 1 hybrids rice. The 8 parental lines and 16 hybrids rice were planted in randomized complete block design with three replications at Kuningan and Muara field station of ICRR during 2012-2013. The results revealed that mean squares for GCA were significant for number of fertile spikelet per panicle, a thousand-grains weight, and 50% days of flowering. Mean squares for SCA were significant for plant height and grain yield. Parental lines exhibited the highest GCA effects for GMJ12A (line) and CRS703 (tester) for grain yield trait and revealed good potential to be used as parents for hybrid rice. Among all the crosses, GMJ6A/CRS707 and GMJ12A/CRS707 showed the greatest positive SCA effects for grain yield and had heterosis over better parent and midparent.

Deciphering combining ability for yield and its components under saline environment in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

“…The parameters controlled by additive gene action were the number of productive tillers, the number of grains per panicle and spikelet sterility and these traits can be improved by employing pureline selection or pedigree breeding. Similar results are reported that σ 2 GCA was important in the inheritance of these parameters byWidyastuti et al (2017) andZewdu et al (2020) while studying rice hybrids.General combining ability, which is also the parent's breeding value, has proven to be a beneficial technique for selecting parents for hybridization, whereas specific combining ability aids in the identification of superior cross combinations. The results of gca effects on parental phenotypes have been represented in Table5…”

Assessment of combining ability, gene action and heterosis for yield and grain characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

“…selection or pedigree breeding can be employed to improve the above traits. Similar results are reported byWidyastuti et al (2017) andZewdu et al (2020).General combining ability aids in the identification of superior parents, whereas specific combining ability aids in the identification of superior cross combinations.The results of gca effects on parental phenotypes have been depicted in Table4. In the present study, good general combiners, for single plant yield were ADT 53, CO 52, CO 54, ANNA (R) 4, 3-11-11-1 and 3-11-11-2.…”

Genomic prediction of rice mesocotyl length indicative of directing seeding suitability using a half-sib hybrid population

“…Accurately predicting hybrid performance so that only promising combinations are field-tested has long been a research hotspot. Mid-parent performance, general and specific combining abilities, genetic distance between parental lines estimated using traits or markers have been tested but are of limited usefulness depending on the traits and parental populations [7][8][9][10]. Currently, genomic selection (GS) has been widely used to predict hybrid performance in various crops.…”