No abstract

The aim of the study is to determine the effect of pomegranate seed extract (PSE) and grape seed extract (GSE) addition to chub mackerel minced muscle on lipid oxidation during frozen storage. Each extract was added to minced fish muscle at 2% concentration and then stored at )18°C for 3 months. The effect of plant dietary fibres to control lipid oxidation was compared with untreated samples (control). Formation of lipid hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) was significantly inhibited by PSE and GSE addition when compared with control. Both extracts significantly retarded lipid oxidation according to the results of TBARS. A significant reduction of L* (lightness), a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) values was detected during frozen storage. GSE added samples had the highest redness and the lowest lightness and yellowness. However, samples with PSE showed the lowest redness and highest yellowness and h°(hue angle) values. The results from this study suggest GSE is a very effective inhibitor of primary and secondary oxidation products in minced fish muscle and have a potential as a natural antioxidant to control lipid oxidation during frozen storage of fatty fish.

Objective:Detection/localization of infection and inflammation is important for the initiation of correct treatment as well as its maintenance. Nuclear medicine imaging methods play an important role in determining infection and inflammation. 18F-2’-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is highly sensitive in such cases when used with tomographic cross-sections. In this study, the development and progression of infection and inflammation were monitored on rats by using 18F-FDG via PET/CT.Methods:Sterile and infected abscesses were formed on rats using turpentine and S. aureus, respectively. For evaluation of the formation and progression of the abscess, 18F-FDG was injected into the rats and they were imaged by PET/CT at intervals of twenty-four hours for five days. Maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) of 18F-FDG was calculated.Results:The highest activity involvement was seen on the first day of abscess formation. On the first day, SUVmax of the S. aureus abscess was 3.9±0.9 while in the sterile abscess SUVmax in the first day was 2.2±0.8. 18F-FDG uptake decreased day by day and it reached the background level on the fourth and fifth days. There were statistically significant differences between S. aureus and sterile abscess, and between sterile abscess and background activity in terms of SUVmax values during the first three days (p<0.05). On the fourth and fifth days, there was no statistically significant difference between S. aureus and sterile abscess, and between sterile abscess and background activity (p>0.05).Conclusion:The results demonstrated that the SUVmax value for 18F-FDG can be useful in the early differentiation of sterile and infected abscess. In addition, 18F-FDG-PET imaging has the advantage of local availability of equipment and labeled agents leading rapid diagnosis of differentiation of infection and inflammation.

No abstract

We aimed to assess the ability of (131)I-Pentamidine scintigraphy to detect the lesions of Leishmania tropica infection. An experimental model of cutaneous leishmaniasis was developed. The presence of cutaneous leishmaniasis was confirmed. Pentamidine was radioiodinated with (131)I. The radiolabeled pentamidine was validated by the requisite quality control tests to check its radiolabeling efficiency, in vitro stability. (131)I-Pentamidine (activity: 18.5 MBq/100 µl) was injected intracardiacally into infected hamsters. Static whole body images of the hamsters were acquired under the gamma camera at 5 and 30 min, 2, 6 and 24 h following the administration. On the scintigrams, anatomically adjusted regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn over the right feet (target) and left feet (not-target) and various organs. Accumulation of (131)I-Pentamidine at sites of infection is expressed as the target to non-target (T/NT) ratio. The results T/NT ratio decreased with time. In concluding the (131)I-Pentamidine has poor sensitivity in detection of L. tropica infection.

Gallium-67 scintigraphy is helpful in the evaluation of inflammatory, respiratory diseases. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) provides three-dimensional tomographic reconstruction of radioisotope distribution in the body. The addition of SPECT to gallium-67 scanning in 27 patients demonstrated an improvement in the sensitivity for detecting the presence and extent of interstitial occupational lung disease. This technique may provide earlier detection of parenchymal lung changes than can the chest x-ray and planar scanning in some patients with asbestosis. Findings in six patients with asbestosis are reported.

Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPOA) is not an uncommon paraneoplastic syndrome that is frequently associated with lung cancer. A 54-year-old male patient with lung adenocarcinoma underwent bone scintigraphy and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning for initial staging. Bone scintigraphy revealed increased periosteal activity in lower extremities. FDG PET/CT revealed hypermetabolic right lung mass, mediastinal lymph nodes, and mildly increased periosteal FDG uptake in both femurs and tibias. The findings in lower extremities on bone scan and FDG PET/CT were interpreted as HPOA.

Citation of ThisTc β -casomorphin 6, biodistribution and imaging studies on rats. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 23, 15-22, 2017. DOI: 10.9775/kvfd.2016 AbstractPeptide radiopharmaceuticals have an increasing significance in nuclear medicine practice. β-casomorphin is a digestive peptide with 6 amino acids (Tyr-Pro-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro). N terminal amino acid chain mainly tyr-pro-phe-pro structured exogen opioid peptid type beta cosomorphin are μ-receptor agonistic activity with priority. Animal studies show that β-casomorphins can act as opioid receptor agonists. The aim of this study was to label β-casomorphin with 99m Tc and to examine its usefulness as an opioid receptor binding radiopharmaceutical in Albino Wistar rats and cancer cells. β-casomorphin was labeled with 99m Tc radionuclide using bifunctional chelating agent. Quality control studies were done by Instant Thin layer chromatography (ITLC) and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods. Binding efficiency of the compound was more than 99%. It was observed as stable for at least 3 h at room temperature. Lipophilicity was also performed for labeled molecule. Imaging studies for 99m Tc labeled molecule was done in rats by using gamma camera. For biodistribution studies; 99m Tc labeled molecule was injected to the rats from tail vein and radioactivity per gr weight of each organ was measured as count per second (cps). Receptor specificity was evaluated in imaging and biodistribution studies in experimental animals. Cell labeling studies were also performed on breast and ovarien cancer cells. In terms of evaluating the biodistribution of 99m Tc-β-casomorphin molecule in rats, uterus and ovary displayed high involvement. It was also confirmed by cell labeling studies. If the radiopharmaceutical is radiolabeled with therapeutic radionuclides it would be useful for therapy for uterus, ovary and breast tumors. Keywords Tc β-Kazomorfin 6 Molekülünün Biyodağılım ve Görüntüleme Çalışması ÖzetPeptit radyofarmasötikleri nükleer tıp pratiğinde giderek artan bir öneme sahiptir. β-kazomorfin 6 amino asit (Tyr-Pro-Phe-Pro-GIy-Pro) ile bir sindirim peptitidir. Tyr-Pro-Phe-Pro aminoasit zinciri ile başlayan ekzojen opioid peptid türevi β-kazomorfinler öncelikle μ-resptör agonistik aktiviteye sahiptir. Hayvan çalışmaları β-kazomorfin türevlerinin bir opioid reseptör agonisti olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, β-kazomorfin'i 99m Tc ile işaretleyerek opioid reseptörler radyofarmasötiği olarak kullanabilirliğini Albino Wistar ratlarda ve kanser hücrelerinde incelemektir. β-kazomorphin bifonksiyonel molekül kullanılarak 99m Tc radyonüklidi ile işaretlendi. Kalite kontrol çalışmaları, ince tabaka kromatografisi (ITLC) ve yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi (HPLC) yöntemleri ile yapıldı. Bileşiğin işaretlenme verimi %99'dan fazla idi. Oda sıcaklığında, en az 3 saat boyunca stabil kaldığı tespit edildi. İşaretli molekülün lipofilite çalışması da gerçekleştirildi. Tc ile işaretli molekülün görüntüleme çalışmaları sıçanlarda gamma kamera kullanılarak gerçekleşti...