No abstract

Exposure to air pollution reduces tear film stability and influences tear film osmolarity. Combining clinical examination with the assessment of tear osmolarity may help understand ocular surface response to high levels of air pollution.

No abstract

No abstract

In healthy eyes, age and pressure or biomechanics as derived from the Corvis ST parameters were not associated with exception to highest concavity-time, i.e., the time from starting until the highest concavity is reached.

Results of this study suggested high frequency of patients with keratoconus associated with vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Visual performance is compromised by aberrations and changes in corneal asphericity and other topographic variables.

PURPOSE:To evaluate the performance of support vector machine, multi‐layer perceptron and radial basis function neural network as auxiliary tools to identify keratoconus from Orbscan II maps.METHODS:A total of 318 maps were selected and classified into four categories: normal (n = 172), astigmatism (n = 89), keratoconus (n = 46) and photorefractive keratectomy (n = 11). For each map, 11 attributes were obtained or calculated from data provided by the Orbscan II. Ten‐fold cross‐validation was used to train and test the classifiers. Besides accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for each classifier were generated, and the areas under the curves were calculated.RESULTS:The three selected classifiers provided a good performance, and there were no differences between their performances. The area under the ROC curve of the support vector machine, multi‐layer perceptron and radial basis function neural network were significantly larger than those for all individual Orbscan II attributes evaluated (p<0.05).CONCLUSION:Overall, the results suggest that using a support vector machine, multi‐layer perceptron classifiers and radial basis function neural network, these classifiers, trained on Orbscan II data, could represent useful techniques for keratoconus detection.

Participantes: Escolares da primeira série do ensino fundamental de escolas do sistema público educacional, atendidos por meio da Campanha "Veja Bem Brasil, 1998".Métodos: Aplicou-se um questionário por entrevista em amostra de conveniência constituída de pais dos escolares atendidos.Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 227 pais, correspondendo a igual número de escolares. Características do núcleo familiar: 77,1% não apresentam o 1º grau de escolaridade completo e 39,6% apresentam renda familiar inferior a 2 salários mínimos. Caracterís-ticas pessoais do escolar: 48,0% do sexo masculino e 52,0% do sexo feminino, 19,4% com idades igual ou superior a 8 anos, 67,8% deles não receberam atendimento oftalmológico anterior. Dificuldades apontadas para receber atendimento na campanha: falta de transporte (41,6%), falta de orientação (31,0%) e perda do dia de trabalho (24,8%). Razões apontadas para o não-comparecimento às convocações anteriores: não recebeu orientação (52,0%) e não podia faltar ao trabalho (19,4%).Conclusões: Foram identificadas dificuldades socioeconômicas para efetivar o atendimento oftalmológico de escolares no projeto comunitário de saúde ocular "Veja Bem Brasil". A solução ou minimização de distúrbios oftalmológicos de escolares dependem, significativamente, do esforço conjunto de pessoal de ensino, família, comunidade e pessoal de saúde.Ophthalmological evaluation of schoolchildren of the public educational system of the city of São Paulo, Brazil -medical and social aspects