Consolidated tables showing an extensive listing of the highest independently confirmed efficiencies for solar cells and modules are presented. Guidelines for inclusion of results into these tables are outlined, and new entries since January 2022 are reviewed. An appendix describing temporary electrical contacting of large-area solar cells approaches and terminology is also included.

and mutations are associated with impaired prognosis in a variety of cancers and with squamous cell carcinoma formation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, little is known about frequency, histology dependence, molecular and clinical presentation as well as response to systemic treatment in NSCLC. Tumor tissue of 1,391 patients with NSCLC was analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Clinical and pathologic characteristics, survival, and treatment outcome of patients with or mutations were assessed. mutations occurred with a frequency of 11.3% ( = 157) and mutations with a frequency of 3.5% ( = 49) in NSCLC patients. In the vast majority of patients, both mutations did not occur simultaneously. mutations were found mainly in adenocarcinoma (AD; 72%), while mutations were more common in squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC; 59%). mutations were spread over the whole protein, whereas mutations were clustered in specific hotspot regions. In over 80% of the patients both mutations co-occurred with other cancer-related mutations, among them also targetable aberrations like activating mutations or amplification. Both patient groups showed different patterns of metastases, stage distribution and performance state. No patient with mutation had a response on systemic treatment in first-, second-, or third-line setting. Of-mutated patients, none responded to second- or third-line therapy.- and -mutated NSCLC patients represent a highly heterogeneous patient cohort. Both are associated with different histologies and usually are found together with other cancer-related, partly targetable, genetic aberrations. In addition, both markers seem to be predictive for chemotherapy resistance..

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We present a detailed study on the rear contact formation of rear-surface-passivated silicon solar cells by full-area screen printing and alloying of aluminum pastes on the locally opened passivation layer. We demonstrate that applying conventional Al pastes exhibits two main problems: 1) high contact depths leading to an enlargement of the contact area and 2) low thicknesses of the Al-doped p + Si regions in the contact points resulting in poor electron shielding. We show that this inadequate contact formation can be directly linked to the deficiently low percentage of silicon that dissolves into the Al-Si melt during alloying. Thus, by intentionally adding silicon to the Al paste, we could significantly improve the contact geometry by reducing the contact depth and enlarging the Al-p + thickness in the contact points, enabling a simple industrially feasible way for the rear contact formation of silicon solar cells.Index Terms-Aluminum alloying, local back surface field, local emitter, silicon solar cells.