Background and Aim: The coronavirus diseases-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a global lockdown, which has limited the mobility of the public, and thus, more time is spent with their pets. Unfortunately, many social media have blamed pet animals as a reservoir of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiologic agent of COVID-19, triggering a panic abandonment of pets. However, no article has summarized the information regarding the role of pets as SARS-CoV-2 reservoirs. This study aimed to evaluate the role of pets as a reservoir of SARS-CoV-2 on the basis of research papers (i.e., animal model, surveillance, and case report) published in 2020. Materials and Methods: The review was conducted using articles from the PubMed database in 2020, using the keywords "COVID-19 in domesticated animals," which were screened and analyzed. Only the data from research articles were mimicked and transformed to conduct a meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was conducted regarding the effects of inhabitation and viral shedding in pets. In this study, we used 95% confidence intervals. Results: A total of 132 papers in PubMed were related to the keywords, whereas only 12 papers were appropriate to answer the dynamics of the role of pets as the reservoir for SARS-CoV-2. Seven studies indicated the potential of cat-cat (4/7), human-cat (2/7), and human-dog (1/7) SARS-CoV-2 transmission. No study proved the presence of cat-human transmission. Another study showed that comingling did not affect SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding among a cat and dog. Furthermore, the viral shedding of cats and dogs caused asymptomatic manifestations and generated neutralizing antibodies within a short period of time. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 transmission is present in domesticated animals, especially in pet cats and dogs, and transmission occurs between animals of the same species (cat-cat). The reverse zoonosis (zooanthroponosis) was found from human to cat/dog (comingled) with asymptomatic clinical signs due to the representation of neutralizing antibodies.
ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beberapa suhu air thawing dan lamanya thawing terhadap kualitas semen beku sapi Simmental. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap multifaktor dengan perlakuan suhu air thawing 26 o C, 37 o C, 42 o C dan lama thawing 10 detik, 15 detik dan 20 detik. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (Anova). Bila terdapat perbedaan pengaruh yang nyata atau sangat nyata pada masing-masing perlakuan, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang nyata (P<0,05) antara lama thawing dan suhu thawing terhadap motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa, tetapi tidak terdapat interaksi antara suhu dan waktu thawing (P>0,05). Suhu thawing 37°C dan waktu thawing 20 detik menunjukkan viabilitas dan motilitas spermatozoa paling tinggi sehingga dapat memberikan kualitas terbaik semen beku sapi Simmental untuk inseminasi buatan. ABSTRACTThe study aimed to determine the effect of several temperatures of thawing water and the length of thawing on the quality of Simmental frozen semen. This research method was an experimental study used a multifactorized completely randomized design with treatment of thawing water temperature 26
Abstract This research was aimed to find out the prevalence and degree of infection Trichodiniasis on the Dumbo catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in four ponds cultivation of Sumenep Regency, East Java. The total of 200 samples of Dumbo catfish were from four cultivation ponds to be examined in the Parasitology laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Univercity Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya. The examination was carried out by means of scraping mucus as well as taking the gill Lamella and observed under the microscope with 100x and 400x magnification. The results showed that the highest level of Trichodiniasis prevalence was in the cultivation pool C (64%) With the degree of infection 5.62 individual parasites/fishes including the category of severe infections while in the pond cultivation A (28%) With the degree of infection 1.86 individual parasitic/fish, cultivation pool B (30%) With the degree of infection 2.46 individual parasites/fishes and the cultivation pond D (48%) With an infection degree 3.02 individual parasites/fishes including a category of mild infections. So using Uji-T can be known results of cases of Trichodiniasis that attacked Dumbo catfish (clarias gariepinus) on four pools of cultivation in Sumenep Regency, East Java showed a very noticeable difference.
Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dampak larvasida dari daun lidah buaya (Aloe vera) terhadap mortalitas nyamuk (Culex quinquefasciatus say). Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian merupakan larva nyamuk Culex quinquefasciatus say sebanyak 625 ekor yang didapatkan dari Laboratorium Entomologi Tropical Disease Diagnostik Center (TDDC), kampus C UNAIR. Kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari P01 sebagai kontrol negatif larva nyamuk diberikan aquades, kelompok P02 kontrol positif larva nyamuk diberi perlakuan dengan bubuk abate, kelompok P1 larva nyamuk diberi perlakuan ekstrak daun lidah buaya 10%, kelompok P2 larva nyamuk diberi perlakuan 15% ekstrak daun lidah buaya dan kelompok P3 larva nyamuk diberi perlakuan ekstrak daun lidah buaya 20%, pengamatan mortalitas larva dilakukan setiap 2 jam dalam dua belas jam pada waktu satu hari. Data mortalitas larva nyamuk yang didapatkan dianalisis dengan spss ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil yang didapatkan pada jam ke 6 merupakan hasil yang sangat efektif terhadap tingkat mortalitas dengan nilai rata-rata pada kelompok perlakuan 1 sebesar 16 ± 1.58, kelompok perlakuan 2 sebesar 20.80 ± 0.83, kelompok perlakuan 3 sebesar 23 ± 0.70.
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