SGOT and SGPT are two enzymes found in the liver in large amounts. Therefore, elevated levels of these two enzymes in the blood indicate liver disease. This study aims to identify liver disease in cats in Surabaya through the levels of SGOT and SGPT in the blood as the gold standard of diagnosis. Samples came from stray cats and domesticated cats of random age, breed, and sex. The blood samples collected were 62 samples, consisting of 33 domestic cats and 29 samples from stray cats. This study showed that from 33 samples of domesticated cats, 19 samples had higher than normal levels of SGOT, and from 29 samples of stray cats, 27 samples had higher than normal levels of SGOT. For SGPT levels, from 33 samples of domesticated cats, six samples had higher than normal levels of SGPT, and from 29 samples of stray cats, six samples had higher levels of SGPT than average. Data analysis used an independent sample t-test with SPSS for Windows with a signifi cance level of 0.05. The data analysis results showed no signifi cant diff erence, which means that the high levels of cat SGOT and SGPT enzymes did not signifi cantly aff ect the origin of the cat. Therefore, it can be concluded that high levels of SGOT and SGPT as the gold standard for detecting liver diseases can occur in all cats, including stray cats and domesticated cats.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun salam sebagai pengawet alami pada ikan bandeng di tambak Sidoarjo. Parameter pada penelitian ini adalah organoleptik, pH dan total koloni bakteri pada ikan bandeng. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dengan jumlah ulangan sebanyak 5 kali. Kelompok perlakuan P0 (tanpa perlakuan) sebagai kontrol, P1 (ekstrak daun salam 5%), P2 (ekstrak daun salam 10%), P3 (ekstrak daun salam 15%) dan P4 (ekstrak daun salam 20%). Hasil analisis statistik uji Total Koloni Bakteri serta uji pH menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (p<0,05), begitu pula dengan hasil analisis statistik uji organoleptik yang menunjukkan perbedaan nyata tiap perlakuan. Berdasarkan hasil data yang ada, disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh ekstrak daun salam sebagai pengawet alami pada ikan bandeng terutama pada konsentrasi daun salam sebesar 20%.
Background and Aim: The massive utilization of antibiotics has increased resistant genes produced by bacteria. Many bacteria, including Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), have become resistant against ampicillin (AMP). The combination of an herbal extract with AMP is expected to generate synergistic effects and may restore the susceptibility of MRSA against AMP. This study aimed to analyze the potency of Sauropus androgynous extract (SAE) as a single extract and combination with AMP against MRSA. Materials and Methods: Sauropus androgynous was extracted using 60% ethanol. SAE biochemical compounds were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. SAE, AMP, and SAE+AMP were tested against MRSA isolates to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration and fractional inhibitory concentration. The inhibition of penicillin-binding proteins 2a (PBP2a) was analyzed using a latex agglutination test. Further, the disruptive membrane effects of SAE, AMP, and SAE+AMP were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. The analysis of data was conducted using SPSS version 16 with p=0.01. Results: SAE contained bioactive compounds such as phenolics and flavonoids. Further, 2 mg/mL of SAE could be used as the potential concentration against MRSA isolates in vitro. In addition, the utilization of SAE+AMP generated synergistic effects, restored the susceptibility of isolates against AMP, decreased the synthesis of PBP2a by the MRSA, and induced ultrastructural changes in the bacterial membrane. Conclusion: This study indicated that the utilization of SAE potentially inhibits the growth of MRSA through decreasing of PBP2a expression, disruption of the MRSA membrane, while the combination of SAE+AMP showed synergistic effects against MRSA.
This study aimed to determine the influence of onion extract cream (Allium cepa) for burning burns in white rats (Rattus norvegicus). The research was experimental with a concentration of 45%, 50%, and 55% onion Cream Extract (Allium cepa). The Data can then be processed using the Kruskall Wallis test. From the statistical test results, each level of Bakart wound showed noticeable difference. The P < 0.05 is thus distinct from P1, P2, and P3. At the level of fluid burns Sig 0.000, because (P < 0.05) There were noticeable difference in the treatment of PO with P1, P2, and P3. The conclusion of this study of the introduction of onion extract Cream (Allium cepa.) can be used for wound healing in white rats (Rattus norvegicus).
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