The finding of our study indicates that CUR may have an important role to play in protecting the kidney from oxidative insult.

Bu çalışma, Kaya kekliğinde plexus sacralis'in oluşumu ve bu plexus'dan ayrılan dalların araştırılması amacıyla yapıldı. Araştırmada materyal olarak 40 adet Kaya kekliği kullanıldı. Hayvanlar anesteziye alındıktan sonra vücut boşluğu açığa çıkarıldı. Materyallerin kanlarının boşaltılmasını takiben formaldehit ile tespit edildi. Plexus sacralis'i oluşturan sinirler diseke edildi ve incelendi. Truncus cranialis'ten, n. coxalis caudalis, n. peroneus; truncus medianus'tan, n. tibialis ve truncus caudalis'ten ise n. cutaneus femoris caudalis ile rami musculares'in çıktığı tespit edildi. Plexus sacralis'in ilk kolu olan n. furcalis'in plexus lumbalis'in son kolu ile bağlantılı olduğu görüldü. Plexus sacralis'in beş adet synsacral spinal sinirin ventral dalı tarafından meydana geldiği saptandı. Sonuç olarak, plexus sacralis'i şekillendiren spinal sinirlerin ramus ventralis'lerinin sayısı, seyirleri; plexus'un oluşumu ve dallara ayrılmasında farklılıkların olduğu belirlendi.

Öz Amaç: Bu çalışma Karacabey Merinosunda dil papillalarının taramalı elektron mikroskobik incelenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmada on adet genç erkek Karacabey Merinosu kullanıldı. Dokular dilin apex, corpus ve radix bölgelerinin dorsal, ventral ve ventro-lateral bölgelerinden alındı. Alınan dokular Scaning Electron Mikroskobu (SEM) kullanılarak incelendi. Bulgular: Papilla filiformis, papilla conica ve papilla lentiformis olmak üzere üç tip mekanik papilla ile papilla vallata ve papilla fungiformis olmak üzere iki tip tat papillası gözlendi. Papilla filiformis'ler dilin apex ve corpus bölgesinde, ayrıca nadiren dilin apex bölgesinin lateral yüzünde de görüldü. Papilla conica'lar yuvarlak tabanlı ve küt uçluydu. Bu papillalar filiform papillalardan daha büyük oluşları ve sekonder papillalarının olmayışıyla ayrıldı. Fungiform papillalar mantar benzeri ve yuvarlak şekilli, dilin apex, corpus ve radix kesiminde filiform papillaların arasına serpilmiş olarak bulunmaktaydı. İki tip papilla lentiformis belirlendi. Birinci tip piramid şeklinde ve sivri uçlu iken, ikinci tip; yuvarlak şekilli ve küt bir uca sahipti. Papilla vallata'da kalın dairesel pedler ve tat tamurcuğu hendekleri belirlendi. Öneri: Karacabey Merinos koyunu dilinde farklı morfolojik özelliklere sahip birçok dil papillasının olduğu belirlendi. Karacebey Merinos koyunu dil papillaları koyun, Saanen ve Jamunipari keçisi ile benzer mekanik fonksiyon özelliklerine sahip olduğu gözlendi.

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SUMMARY:The purpose of this study was to describe the surface structure of the lingual papillae in Anatolian Water Buffaloes using SEM. Six male Anatolian Water Buffaloes were used. Filiform, lentiform and conical papillae were determined three types as mechanical papillae. Fungiform and vallate papillae were observed two types as gustatory papillae on the tongue in Anatolian Water Buffalo. The filiform papillae were observed on the apex and body of the tongue, besides randomly identified lateral surface of the body. The conical papillae differed from the filiform papillae with its larger size and non existence of the secondary papillae. The fungiform papillae was round in shape and mushroom-like, scattering among the filiform papillae on the dorsal surface of the apex, body and the root of the tongue. The fungiform papillae's taste pores and creter-like structure were determined. The lentiform papillae were determined in two types. The borders of the cells and the micro-pitted appearance were defined at the lentiform papillae. In the vallate papillae bud fosse and a thick annular pad was found. These differences on the morphological structures of the lingual papillae were considered to be related to genetic diversity.

The purpose of this study was to describe the distribution and surface structure of the lingual papillary system in four male adult English horses by scanning electron microscopy. The animals were supplied from the Jockey Club of Turkey (TJK). Tissue samples were taken from the dorsal, ventral and lateral surface of the apex, corpus and radix of the tongue. Filiform papillae were distributed mainly on the dorsum, being abundant, very long and with a slim cylindrical form with pointed endings or multi-bifurcated terminations at the apex. These papillae were typically conical in shape with a wider base in the corpus of the lingua and absent on the radix of the lingua. Fungiform papillae were mainly on the lateral surfaces and lobulated forms were also observed. The horses have two large vallate papillae, located on the dorsum close to the caudal part of the tongue. These papillae were surrounded by a prominent gustatory groove. The vallate papillae had many taste pores opening into the papillary groove. The foliate papillae were observed just rostral to the palatoglossal arches. These papillae have many variable sized taste pores which open into the grooves between the papillary leaves. The papillary leaves were covered with concentrically arranged cornifi ed cells of variable appearance. However, there were no lingual papillae on the ventral aspect of the horse's tongue.

Background: The skull is an important anatomical structure to discern dog breeds and wolves from dogs. For this purpose, skull morphology and some morphometric measurements of Malakli dogs, a local breed in the Aksaray region, were examined. Materials and methods: Thirty-two distances were measured, and seven ratio's calculated, in nine skulls of adult dogs. In our study, different morphological features and statistical findings that were not revealed by taking measurements from thirty-two distinct anatomical points of Aksaray Malakli dog skull bones were determined in accordance with the literature. Results: Processus zygomaticus was found to be long and pointed in the Aksaray Malakli dogs. The morphometric analysis results, facial index value 107.68 ± 4.98,

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