In order to develop a new male-sterile line of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), the F 1 rootstock 'Assist' (Solanum aethiopicum Aculeatum L. Group × S. melongena 'DMP') was continuously backcrossed to S. melongena 'Uttara' using 'Uttara' as a recurrent pollen parent up to BC 4 generation. All examined F 1 'Assist' produced pollen grains while BC 1 plants segregated into male fertile and sterile plants. The male-sterile plant did not produce any pollen grains. BC 2 , BC 3 , and BC 4 progenies obtained from male fertile backcross progenies were segregated into male fertile and sterile plants and each segregation ratio fitted 3 : 1. BC 3 and BC 4 progenies obtained from male-sterile backcross progenies were fixed to male-sterility without segregation. Selfed progenies of the male fertile BC 2 progeny were segregated into male fertile and sterile plants and the segregation ratio fitted 15 : 1. Therefore, the pollen non-formation characteristic is assumed to be a form of cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS), induced by incompatibility between the cytoplasm of S. aethiopicum Aculeatum Group and the nucleus of S. melongena. Further, these segregation results indicated that two independent dominant fertility restorer (Rf) genes control the fertility restoration of this CMS. High values of fruit set, number of seeds per fruit, and the seed germination rate found in BC 4 progenies indicate that the cytoplasm of S. aethiopicum Aculeatum Group has no notable negative effect on seed fertility of S. melongena. A new male-sterile line of eggplant could be developed by utilizing the cytoplasm of S. aethiopicum Aculeatum Group.
To develop a new cytoplasmic male-sterile line of eggplant utilizing the Solanum anguivi cytoplasm, the interspecific hybrid (S. anguivi · eggplant ÔSenryo 2 gouÕ) was repeatedly backcrossed to eggplant ÔUttaraÕ up to BC 5 generation to achieve cytoplasm substitution. Chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA analyses confirmed that backcross progenies had the S. anguivi cytoplasm. In the backcross progenies, male-sterile plants, whose anthers were completely devoid of pollen grains, appeared. All the backcross generations obtained from the male-fertile seed parents segregated into male-fertile and sterile types with a 3 : 1 ratio, whereas those obtained from the malesterile one were all male-sterile. The selfed progeny from a male-fertile BC 5 plant (selfed progeny 1) and the selfed progeny from the malefertile selfed progeny 1 segregated at 15 : 1 and 3 : 1 ratios, respectively. These results indicated that two independent dominant fertility restorer (Rf) genes control pollen formation. A new male-sterile line of eggplant could be developed by utilizing the cytoplasm of S. anguivi.
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