Development of the Male-sterile Line of Eggplant Utilizing the Cytoplasm of Solanum aethiopicum L. Aculeatum Group

Abstract

In order to develop a new male-sterile line of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), the F 1 rootstock 'Assist' (Solanum aethiopicum Aculeatum L. Group × S. melongena 'DMP') was continuously backcrossed to S. melongena 'Uttara' using 'Uttara' as a recurrent pollen parent up to BC 4 generation. All examined F 1 'Assist' produced pollen grains while BC 1 plants segregated into male fertile and sterile plants. The male-sterile plant did not produce any pollen grains. BC 2 , BC 3 , and BC 4 progenies obtained from male fertile backcross progenies were segregated into male fertile and sterile plants and each segregation ratio fitted 3 : 1. BC 3 and BC 4 progenies obtained from male-sterile backcross progenies were fixed to male-sterility without segregation. Selfed progenies of the male fertile BC 2 progeny were segregated into male fertile and sterile plants and the segregation ratio fitted 15 : 1. Therefore, the pollen non-formation characteristic is assumed to be a form of cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS), induced by incompatibility between the cytoplasm of S. aethiopicum Aculeatum Group and the nucleus of S. melongena. Further, these segregation results indicated that two independent dominant fertility restorer (Rf) genes control the fertility restoration of this CMS. High values of fruit set, number of seeds per fruit, and the seed germination rate found in BC 4 progenies indicate that the cytoplasm of S. aethiopicum Aculeatum Group has no notable negative effect on seed fertility of S. melongena. A new male-sterile line of eggplant could be developed by utilizing the cytoplasm of S. aethiopicum Aculeatum Group.

Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Eggplant

“…3). However, the anther and pollen sac of the MF lines were normal, which contained substantial pollen (Khan and Isshiki, 2010). The MF lines Table 1.…”

“…systems Pollen non-formation-type CMS systems were reported utilizing the cytoplasms of S. aethiopicum Aculeatum Group (Khan and Isshiki, 2010), S. anguivi (Khan and Isshiki, 2011), and S. grandifolium (Hasnunnahar et al, 2012a;Saito et al, 2009a). Interspecific F 1 hybrids between wild Solanum species and eggplant were made using wild Solanum species as the female parents and eggplant as the male one (Fig.…”

“…CMS derived by utilizing the cytoplasm of wild Solanum species S. gilo Raddi (Fang et al, 1985), S. kurzii Brace & Prain Isshiki, 2009), S. violaceum Ort. (Isshiki andKawajiri, 2002), S. virginianum L. (Khan and Isshiki, 2008), S. aethiopicum Aculeatum Group (Khan and Isshiki, 2010), S. anguivi Lam. (Khan and Isshiki, 2011), and S. grandifolium C.V. Morton (Hasnunnahar et al, 2012a;Saito et al, 2009a) was reported.…”

Development and Fertility Restoration of CMS Eggplant Lines Carrying the Cytoplasm of Solanum violaceum

“…In the CMS eggplant systems studied so far, the Rf-genes are available only in the pollen non-formation type caused by the cytoplasms of S. integrifolium, S. anguivi and S. grandifolium (Hasnunnahar et al, 2012;Khan & Isshiki, 2010Saito et al, 2009). In the abovementioned CMS systems, the fertility restored plants exhibited marked differences in the procession of the co-transcripts of a novel orf and atp1 in relation to the CMS counterparts (Yoshimi et al, 2013).…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, the Rf-genes are available only in the pollen-non formation eggplant CMS lines carrying the cytoplasms of S. grandifolium, S. integrifolium and S. anguivi (Hasnunnahar et al, 2012;Khan & Isshiki, 2010Saito et al, 2009). Taking into account that long term utilization of limited cytoplasm sources in eggplant cultivation has the potential risk of genetic vulnerability against new pathogens and pests (Khan & Isshiki, 2008), the identification of the respective Rf-genes in the rest of CMS eggplant lines could be beneficial for both practical and research purposes.…”