<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The use of antibiotics against different pathogens in acute tonsillitis has been the general trend through the years. Penicillin has been the drug of choice for the management. But due to increased incidence of resistance in case of penicillin’s, other antibiotics are also used for the treatment of acute tonsillitis. The study was conducted with the objective to find out the antibiotic sensitivity and susceptibility pattern against microbial pathogens in acute tonsillitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Our prospective observational study was carried out in the otorhinolaryngology department in Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre. The period of study was from June 2015 to August 2015. After getting approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) throat swabs were collected randomly from 50 patients visiting the ENT OPD. An informed consent was obtained from every patient who was a part of this study before commencing the study.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The commonly used antibiotics showed a higher resistance pattern as compared to the less commonly used antibiotics. Ampicillin and Amoxicillin showed poor sensitivity results in case of both <em>Streptococci </em>as well as <em>Staphylococci</em>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Study findings therefore helped in perusing a guarded and judicious use of antibiotics in cases of acute tonsillitis and will thus help in improving the quality of antibiotic therapy provided to the patient. </p>

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Deviated nasal septum is a bodily disorder results in nasal obstruction. Many surgical procedures are available in correcting the disorder. The present study aimed to compare the surgical outcome of septoplasty alone and septoplasty with turbinectomy in patients with deviated nasal septum.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective study was done on 50 patients attending to the department of ENT of Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital, DPU with complaints of nasal obstruction due to inferior turbinate hypertrophy with deviated nasal septum. The severity of nasal obstruction was assessed by NOSE (nasal obstruction symptom evaluation) scale. Of them, 25 patients were managed with septoplasty alone and other 25 patients with septoplasty and turbinectomy. The outcome of both the procedures was assessed statistically by using NOSE scale.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Postoperative symptom improvement was seen in the both groups following surgery (p&lt;0.05). When the NOSE scores are compared between two groups, statistically significant improvement in the symptoms (NOSE score) was seen in the group of patients treated with septoplasty and turbinectomy compared to septoplasty alone (p&lt;0.05).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study re-iterates both septoplasty and concurrent turbinectomy are established mode of treatment in deviated nasal septum along with hypertrophy of inferior turbinates when the preoperative and postoperative symptoms are compared. However, the symptomatic outcomes and diagnostic nasal endoscopic findings are significantly better in patients who underwent septoplasty with concurrent resection of the inferior turbinate. </p>

Introduction: Chronic suppurative otitis media is one of the most common conditions encountered by Otologists in daily practice. Conventionally hearing loss in CSOM is conductive in nature, but it has been observed that some patient displayed an additional sensorineural component to their conductive hearing loss (mixed hearing loss). Material and Methods: A prospective cohort observational study on 100 Cases in two groups of 50 each who had safe CSOM and 50 unsafe CSOM conducted over a period of July 2011 to

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Tuberculosis has become a common occurrence in Otorhinolaryngology with increasing number of extra pulmonary cases. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">This is a study of 27 patients who visited ENT OPD of Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Pune, with variety of manifestations of tuberculosis in the ENT region.  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Majority of those suffered from tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy, other manifestations included laryngeal tuberculosis, tuberculous otitis media, lupus vulgaris and tuberculous infection of a pre auricular sinus. FNAC and histopathologic examination proved to be reliable tools of diagnosis. Five of these patients suffered from concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis. All these responded well to category 1 anti-tubercular therapy well. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Tuberculosis in Otorhinolaryngology shows a variety of manifestations so it should be kept in mind whenever dealing with unusual presentations.</span></p>

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) was the gold standard for the treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The objective of the study was to assess the postoperative outcomes of endoscopic DCR.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective study was conducted in Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital Pimpri, Pune from July 2011 to September 2013. A total of 50 patients with complaints of continuous lacrimation were included in the study. All the patients underwent endoscopic DCR and they were observed for postoperative complications and outcome.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Most of the patients were in 31-40 years age group with the mean age of 33.18 years. Female dominance was observed in the study (M:F- 1:4). Postoperative complications such as epistaxis were observed in 2 cases (4.0%), nasal synechiae in 3 cases (6.0%) and postoperative crusting in 15 cases (30.0%). In 45 (90%) patients the outcome was successful at the end of 6 months and in case of 5 (10.0%) patients it was unsuccessful.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The findings of the study concluded that<strong> </strong>endoscopic DCR was a simple, safe and invasive procedure as it has direct approach to the sac, produces excellent results without any external scar.</p>

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Introduction: CSOM is the common chronic infectious disease and is considered the leading cause of acquired hearing loss. Hearing loss is a public health problem in developed and developing countries. Material and methods: A prospective cohort observational study on 100 Cases in two groups of 50 each who had safe CSOM and 50 Unsafe CSOM conducted over a period of

As we can cure the conductive deafness by surgery, the sensori neural deafness is still a challenge to us. Children having mixed loss of hearing invariably suffer from the point of view of education and development of language and therefore it becomes essential to study such cases so that we can prevent the sensori neural deafness in chronic suppurative otitis media. One hundred patients of chronic suppurative otitis media with sensori neural hearing loss, either alone or more commonly, with mixed loss were studied in this series. The patients were carefully selected after proper history and careful examination to exclude the above mentioned criteria to rule out the other possible causes of sensori neural loss. Though cases with use of ototoxic systemic drugs were rejected, cases with use of topical ear drops were included as their use was found to be common in chronic otitis media. The different ear drops used by patients showed large variety of nature of contents and varying period of use. Many patients could not inform the name of the drops they had used in past. In our study, use of topical antibiotic ear drops for long duration as a cause of sensori neural hearing loss was not statistically significant.