Objectivesto identify the degree of knowledge of people with hypertension concerning the disease and to verify the factors associated with the non-adherence to anti-hypertensive drug therapy.MethodCross sectional study, involving 422 people. Data collection took place at their homes, between December 2011 and March 2012, through interviews using the following instruments: Medication Adherence Questionnaire (MAQ-Q), Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) and a guide with questions related to sociodemographic profile, satisfaction with healthcare service and knowledge about the disease.Results42.6% did not adhere to the drug therapy and 17.7% had poor knowledge about the disease. Factors associated with the non-adherence were: complex drug therapy, poor knowledge about the disease and dissatisfaction with the healthcare service.ConclusionThe findings reinforce that the complex drug therapy prescriptions, little knowledge about the disease and dissatisfaction with the healthcare service have influence on the process of non-adherence to anti-hypertensive drug therapy.

Background Cleaning and disinfection processes must be improved so that there is a reduction in environmental contamination of frequent-contact surfaces. The objective of this study was to evaluate cleaning and disinfection of surfaces at a specialized healthcare unit after an intervention program. Methods Exploratory, longitudinal, and correlational study carried out in a medium-complexity clinic. Two hundred and forty samples from five surfaces were collected during three phases: diagnosis; implementation of an intervention program; and evaluation of immediate and long-term effects. In total, 720 evaluations were made, performed through three monitoring methods: visual inspection; adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence assay (ATP); and aerobic colony count (ACC). The Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, and Fisher’s Exact tests were run to analyze data statistically. Results Cleaning and disinfection of surfaces were not being performed properly in most cases. Failure rates of surfaces reached 37.5 and 100% when the ATP and ACC procedures were used, respectively. However, after an intervention program, an improvement occurred. Success rates increased by 43.96% (ATP) and 12.46% (ACC) in phase I, by 70.6% (ATP) and 82.3% (ACC) immediately after interventions, and by 76.52% (ATP) and 85.76% (ACC) two months after the changes, showing that the program was effective. Conclusion The present study reveals that implementing intervention actions with a cleaning and healthcare team brings benefits to prevent the spread of pathogenic agents through frequently touched hospital surfaces.

Objective: the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of non-adherence to antihypertensive drug treatment and its association with factors bio-socio-economic and welfare. Method: it was a descriptive, cross-sectional study, performed with 422 hypertensive individuals. Data were collected through home interviews, conducted between December 2011 and March 2012. Results: the results showed that the respondents were mostly female, married, elderly, low income and little time of diagnosis. Were considered non adherent to medication 42.65% of participants. Non-Caucasian hypertensive patients, with fewer than eight years of schooling, who did not regularly attend doctor's appointments, took more than two anti-hypertensive medications and did not have private health insurance, showed higher likelihood of not complying with the drug treatment. Conclusion: these fi ndings suggest that hypertensive patients with unfavorable socioeconomic characteristics and diffi culty of access to the service require different interventions in order to encourage them to adhere to medication treatment.

Objective: To synthesize the best qualitative evidence regarding the perception of family members, patients and health professionals about family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and invasive procedures. Method: Systematic review with meta-synthesis performed in the databases of Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, LILACS, MEDLINE, Embase and VHL. Articles published between 2010 and 2017 were included and evaluated with use of the Qualitative Data Extraction Instrument. Results: In total, were found 2,391 articles, out of which 26 were selected, and 24 were analyzed. The identified meta-theme was ‘A pendular perspective: different views on family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and invasive procedures’, which is supported by the following themes: Benefits resulting from family presence; Disadvantages and/or limiting factors of family presence; and Context: environmental, sociocultural and care factors influencing the perception of family presence. Conclusion: The perception of family members, patients and professionals about family presence is still controversial. The sensitization of these subjects can potentiate the practice by making it more systematized and qualified.

RESUMOO presente estudo é de caráter qualitativo e foi desenvolvido com nove cuidadores familiares de pacientes crônicos, com o objetivo de avaliar a sobrecarga e as mudanças ocorridas em seu cotidiano. Os dados foram coletados entre fevereiro e dezembro de 2010, empregando-se um instrumento de avaliação da sobrecarga do cuidador. Mediante a análise temática de conteúdo foram identificados quatro aspectos distintos: impacto da prestação de cuidados; relação entre o cuidador e o doente; perspectivas do cuidador ante o cuidar; e avaliação de seu desempenho como cuidador. Ratifica-se como fundamental avaliar o estado de saúde dos cuidadores familiares e o modo como eles enfrentam a sobrecarga, para conhecer as necessidades e pensá-las de formas interventivas e adequadas não só ao doente, mas a toda a sua família. As ações de enfermagem prestadas às famílias se fazem necessárias principalmente quando estas apresentam dificuldades em conduzir o processo de cuidar, sendo, então necessário capacitá-las por meio da orientação, ensino e assistência.Palavras-chave: Família. Doença Cônica. Cuidadores. Enfermagem. INTRODUÇÃOAs doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) são problemas de saúde que afetam os indivíduos por um longo período de tempo. Com o crescente envelhecimento da população, acarretado pelo aumento da expectativa de vida, a ocorrência de DCNT tem se elevado a altos índices, sendo elas responsáveis por 58,5% de todas as mortes ocorridas no mundo e por 45,9% da carga global de morbidade (1) .Devido ao caráter insidioso da evolução dessas doenças, o doente constitui motivo de preocupação para os profissionais de saúde e seus familiares, seja pelos aspectos limitantes, o desgaste e o sofrimento da pessoa acometida, seja pelo fato de os serviços públicos priorizarem as atividades individuais, curativas e de reabilitação, deixando em segundo plano ações preventivas e de promoção da saúde que incluam a família (2) .Assim, quando a família tem um de seus membros acometido por uma DCNT normalmente ela precisa assumir um papel de suma importância, que é o de cuidar do familiar adoecido e ser inserida no plano de cuidados. Ademais, é preciso considerar que ela convive com a fragilidade da situação, e assim o meio familiar poderá ou não assegurar o sucesso do tratamento desse paciente (3) .Não obstante, o cuidado familial, comumente prestado por um único membro da família, acarreta problemas para o cuidador, como a sobrecarga física, emocional e financeira. Na maioria dos casos o cuidador é designado informalmente, no entanto essa escolha está diretamente relacionada a três fatores: 1) parentesco (nesse caso, os cônjuges); 2) o gênero, com destaque para o feminino; e 3) a proximidade física e afetiva entre pais e filhos (4) .As tarefas do cuidador envolvem o acompanhamento de suas atividades diárias, como auxílio na alimentação, higiene pessoal, medicação de rotina e recuperação física; ou seja, ele torna-se responsável pela quase

Abstract

Aim To map the factors associated with nurses’ positive attitudes towards families’ involvement in nursing care and to identify any existing gaps in knowledge. Background Several tools have been proposed to assess the attitudes, beliefs and practices of nurses towards families in different care contexts. However, there is a knowledge gap on how the results of these tools can identify the factors that are associated with more positive attitudes of nurses. Design A scoping review based on the steps proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Methods Three independent reviewers searched the databases: PUBMED/Medline; LILACS; Virtual Health Library; PsycInfo; Google Scholar; SCOPUS and CINAHL, from 2006 to August 2021, guided by the question: What are the factors associated with nurses’ positive attitudes towards families´ involvement in nursing care, in studies that used one or both of the following two scales ‘Families’ Importance in Nursing Care‐ Nurses’ Attitudes’ and ‘Family Nursing Practice Scale’? This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA‐ScR. Results Twenty‐six primary studies were identified, in which 9,620 nurses participated. Positive attitudes were associated with three types of variables: (a) personal—longer working career (42.3%) and older age (26.9%); (b) educational—higher level of academic education (30.8%) and family nursing education (23.0%); and (c) workplace—working in primary health care and/or outpatient clinics (34.6%) or in a unit with philosophy/approach to families (23.0%). Conclusions Personal variables such as age and time of service are non‐modifiable aspects, but educational and workplace variables are subject to intervention to improve nurses’ attitudes towards families’ involvement in nursing care. Continuing development programmes about family care can constitute important strategies to improve positive attitudes of nurses towards families in practice. Relevance to clinical practice Recognising the characteristics associated with nurses´ positive attitudes towards families may enable the development of tailored interventions that promote family‐focused care.

Objective: to investigate the perception of service users of an emergency unit, regarding attendance based in User Embracement with Risk Classification. Method: his descriptive-exploratory study, with a qualitative approach. The data were collected from 20 service users through an audio-recorded interview, guided by the following question: Tell me about your initial attendance, the user embracement with risk classification, which you received in this unit. Results: content analysis was undertaken with the data in thematic modality, from which two categories resulted: Risk classification as an advantage in attending emergencies; and Disagreement with the risk classification established by the professionals. Although the service users perceived User Embracement with Risk Classification as a measure which optimizes attendance in emergencies, some users disagreed with the classification made by the professionals. Conclusion: the objectives of User Embracement with Risk Classification need to be better publicized, with a view to the better acceptance of its results by society, as when classified as being of lower priority, the service users mention feeling unsafe and dissatisfied.