Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the potential of Pistacia vera (P. vera) fruits in experimental memory impairments in mice. Material & Methods: Memory impairment was induced in Swiss Albino mice by scopolamine (0.4mg mg/kg. i.p). Animals were divided into five separate groups of six animals each, positive control group received carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) as vehicle, negative control group received scopolamine with vehicle, and standard group received donepezil (5mg/kg i.p) with Scopolamine. Ethanolic extract of P. vera (EEPV) at doses of 200mg/kg & 400mg/kg p.o were administered to group test1 & test 2 respectively along with scopolamine. Elevated plus maze (EPM), passive avoidance paradigms and morris water maze (MWM) were used as exteroceptive behavioral models to access learning and memory activity. Transfer latency, step down latency and escape latency parameters were evaluated plus maze, passive avoidance paradigm, morris water maze. Thereafter lipid peroxidation test, glutathione level and catalase activities were estimated in homogenized brain of mice. Results: Pretreatment of mice with EEPV (200mg/kg & 400mg/kg) significantly reduced scopolamine induced amnesia. The obtained data clearly revealed that there was increase in escape latency in MWM and also increase in step down latency in passive avoidance paradigm. Transfer latencey was found to be decrease in EPM and biochemical. Parameters were clearly satisfied the data as compared to negative control group which was indicative of cognitive improvement. Conclusion: P. vera fruit extract demonstrated to improve cognitive process by enhancing memory in different experimental paradigm such as EPM, passive avoidance and MWM when administered orally. Hence it would be worthwhile to explore the potential of this plant in the management of memory disorders.

Background: Agaricus bisporus (A. bisporus) is an edible basidiomycete mushroom native to grasslands in Europe and North America. A. bisporus, commonly known as white button mushroom (WBM), is widely cultivated in most countries, and it constitutes the bulk of all mushrooms consumed in the United States and Australia. Traditionally this fungus has used in the treatment of heart diseases. Also it has anti-ageing property.Mushrooms have been found effective against cancer, cholesterol reduction, stress, insomnia, asthma, allergies and diabetes. Objective: The present research was designed to appraise the cardioprotective activity of a hydroalcoholic extract of Agaricus bisporus (EEAB) on Isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial infarction (MI) in Albino Wistar rat. Traditionally, Agaricus bisporus is reported in the treatment of heart diseases, cancer, cerebral stroke and anti-ageing property. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats of different sex were randomly split into five groups namely positive control, negative control, standard, test-1 and test-2 and received distilled water, ISO (85 mg/kg), Simvastatin (10 mg/kg/day, oral) and EEAB (200 and 400 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 30 days, respectively. MI was induced in rats by ISO at an interval of 24 hrs on 31 and 32 day and on the next day, blood was amassed through retro-orbital plexus for the assessment of biochemical markers (cholesterol, lowdensity lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase and total protein) and finally, the rats were immolated by cervical dislocation. The heart tissue was reaped instantly, cleaned with chilled isotonic saline and clasped in 10% buffered formalin and used for the histopathological analysis. Results: ISO p.o. administration significantly elevated the cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels while it decreases high-density lipoprotein and total protein in plasma and administration of EEAB decreases the level of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels while it increases high-density lipoprotein and total protein levels. Pretreatment with EEAB protected the cardiotoxicity induced by ISO. The histopathological findings support the analysis of biochemical parameters, ISO-induced myocardium showed infracted zone with edema, inflammatory cells, lipid droplets, myocardial necrosis and vacuolization of myofibrils which were reduced. Conclusion: It can be an outcome that EEAB possessed cardioprotective activity against experimental and clinical studies of ISO-induced myocardial infarction in rats.

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Background: The pyrazolines give the reactions of aliphatic derivatives, resembling unsaturated compounds in their behavior towards permanganate and nascent hydrogen. This nucleus has been associated with various biological activities including inflammatory. Thiazolinone is a heterocyclic compound that contains both sulfur and nitrogen atom with a carbonyl group in their structure.Thiazolinone and their derivatives have attracted continuing interest because of their various biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-proliferative, antiviral, anticonvulsant etc. The aim of the research was to club pyrazoline nucleus with thiazolinone in order to have significantanti-inflammatory activity. The synthesized compounds were chemically characterized for the establishment of their chemical structures and to evaluate as anti-inflammatory agent. Method: In the present work, eight derivatives of substituted pyrazoline (PT1-PT8) were synthesized by a three step reaction.The compounds were subjected to spectral analysis by Infrared, Mass and Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and elemental analysis data. All the synthesized were evaluated for their in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. The synthesized derivatives were evaluated for their affinity towards target COX-1 and COX-2, using indomethacin as the reference compound molecular docking visualization through AutoDock Vina. Results: Compounds PT-1, PT-3, PT-4 and PT-8 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity at 3rd hour being 50.7%, 54.3%, 52.3% and 57% respectively closer to that of the standard drug indomethacin (61.9%).From selected anti-inflammatory targets, the synthesized derivatives exhibited better interaction with COX-1 and COX-2 receptor, where indomethacin showed docking score of -6.5 kJ/mol, compound PT-1 exhibited highest docking score of -9.1 kJ/mol for COX-1 and compound PT-8 having docking score of 9.4 kJ/mol for COX-2. Conclusion: It was concluded that synthesized derivatives have more interaction with COX-2 receptors in comparison to the COX-1 receptors because the docking score with COX-2 receptors were very good. It is concluded that the synthesized derivatives (PT-1 to PT-8) are potent COX-2 inhibitors.