Background: Epidemiological and clinical evidence points cancer comorbidity with pulmonary chronic disease. The acquisition of some hallmarks of cancer by cells affected with lung pathologies as a cell adaptive mechanism to a shear stress, suggests that could be associated with the establishment of tumoral processes. Objective: To propose a bioinformatic pipeline for the identification of all deregulated genes and the transcriptional regulators (TFs) that are coexpressed during lung cancer establishment, and therefore could be important for the acquisition of the hallmarks of cancer. Methods: Ten microarray datasets (six of lung cancer, four of lung diseases) comparing normal and diseases-related lung tissue were selected to identify hub differentiated expressed genes (DEGs) in common between lung pathologies and lung cancer, along with transcriptional regulators through the utilization of specialized libraries from R language. DAVID bioinformatics tool for gene enrichment analyses was used to identify genes with experimental evidence associated to tumoral processes and signaling pathways. Coexpression networks of DEGs and TFs in lung cancer establishment were created with Coexnet library, and a survival analysis of the main hub genes was made. Results: Two hundred ten DEGs were identified in common between lung cancer and other lung diseases related to the acquisition of tumoral characteristics, which are coexpressed in a lung cancer network with TFs, suggesting that could be related to the establishment of the tumoral pathology in lung. The comparison of the coexpression networks of lung cancer and other lung diseases allowed the identification of common connectivity patterns (CCPs) with DEGs and TFs correlated to important tumoral processes and signaling pathways, that haven´t been studied to experimentally validate their role in the early stages of lung cancer. Some of the TFs identified showed a correlation between its expression levels and the survival of lung cancer patients. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that lung diseases share genes with lung cancer which are coexpressed in lung cancer, and might be able to explain the epidemiological observations that point to direct and inverse comorbid associations between some chronic lung diseases and lung cancer and represent a complex transcriptomic scenario.
Background: Many microRNAs have been identified as critical mediators in the progression of melanoma through its regulation of genes involved in different cellular processes such as melanogenesis, cell cycle control, and senescence. However, microRNAs’ concurrent participation in syngeneic mouse B16F1 melanoma cells simultaneously induced decreased proliferation and differential pigmentation by exposure to 5-Brd-2′-dU (5’Bromo-2-deoxyuridine) and L-Tyr (L-Tyrosine) respectively, is poorly understood. Aim: To evaluate changes in the expression of microRNAs and identify which miRNAs in-network may contribute to the functional bases of phenotypes of differential pigmentation and reduction of proliferation in B16F1 melanoma cells exposed to 5-Brd-2′-dU and L-Tyr. Methods: Small RNAseq evaluation of the expression profiles of miRNAs in B16F1 melanoma cells exposed to 5-Brd-2′-dU (2.5 μg/mL) and L-Tyr (5 mM), as well as the expression by qRT-PCR of some molecular targets related to melanogenesis, cell cycle, and senescence. By bioinformatic analysis, we constructed network models of regulation and co-expression of microRNAs. Results: We confirmed that stimulation or repression of melanogenesis with L-Tyr or 5-Brd-2′-dU, respectively, generated changes in melanin concentration, reduction in proliferation, and changes in expression of microRNAs 470-3p, 470-5p, 30d-5p, 129-5p, 148b-3p, 27b-3p, and 211-5p, which presented patterns of coordinated and reciprocal co-expression, related to changes in melanogenesis through their putative targets Mitf, Tyr and Tyrp1, and control of cell cycle and senescence: Cyclin D1, Cdk2, Cdk4, p21, and p27. Conclusions: These findings provide insights into the molecular biology of melanoma of the way miRNAs are coordinated and reciprocal expression that may operate in a network as molecular bases for understanding changes in pigmentation and decreased proliferation induced in B16F1 melanoma cells exposed to L-Tyr and 5-Brd-2′-dU.
A g r o i n d u s t r i A Artícu lo ci entíf ico Analysis of trends in basic research in agribusiness productive chainsA B S T R A C T Infrastructure and information management is a critical component in the development of national and international agribusiness of the agricultural sector, where demand, and not technology, directs technology development, with the aim of improving and strengthening demand, such as distribution, storage of fresh or minimally processed products and high valueadded crops and breeding crop and livestock, sustainable management, technology transfer, etc. This research aims to develop the analysis of trends in research as an international practice mandatory for R&D, where knowledge of the technological environment tends to support and justify the investment of human and material resources in various research projects, from technology vigilance as a strategic management tool. The framework for action focuses on the production chains of the agricultural sector in Colombia, taking as a reference 13 subject areas, where the identification of international benchmarks for supply chains should be consistent with the particular demands of each chain and the subject areas it encompasses, so that the results of this process are input for shortening gaps and strengthening the sector. As a case study, this research is part of an analysis of trends in basic research for the productive chains of cacao, dairy, beef and potatoes, obtaining an analysis of trends in research, identification of international references, thematic priorities, etc.
Polycrystalline CdSxTe1-x thin films deposited using a novel procedure based on the close spaced sublimation (CSS) method were characterized through thermoelectric power (α) measurements. The results revealed that these types of compounds present mixed conductivity and that their net conductivity becomes n-type for S concentrations greater than 50% (x>0.5) and p-type when the S content is less than 50%. The results were interpreted with the help of theoretical calculations of α versus T, carried out using a model which includes scattering processes inside the grain and in the grain boundaries as well as dimensional effects. Comparing experimental values of α versus T with the theoretical calculation, it was found that the electrical transport in the CdSxTe1-x thin films is mainly affected by the interaction of electrons and holes with acoustic phonons and by scattering processes in the intergrain regions. The surface and bulk thermal conductivity also influence the electrical transport of the CdSxTe1-x films.
To tackle humanity's food challenges, agricultural companies need to exploit technological advancements by innovating their business models. Solution business model patterns (SBMPs) play a central role in business model innovation. However, the current literature on SBMPs is outdated and has not been adapted for the field of agriculture. By analyzing 198 digital solutions from 116 agriculture startups, we identify 18 SBMPs, nine of which have not been identified in any previous research. We thus significantly expand the existing literature on SBMPs and outline the technological drivers of emerging SBMPs. Furthermore, putting the 18 identified SBMPs into the context of agriculture will help agricultural companies innovate their business models. Three SBMPs with high potential to tackle humanity's food challenges are further discussed.
A new procedure to realize low resistance contact to polycrystalline CdTe thin films deposited by CSS method will be presented. Initially, the CdTe samples are etched with an oxidant agent in order to form a Te-rich surface layer; subsequently the CdTe samples are dipped in a CuCl solution to form a p+ -CuxTe (15x52) layer through an ion -exchange chemical reaction; finally, the samples were contacted with Cu and Cu/Au deposited by thermal evaporation and C:Cu deposited by DC magnetron sputtering. Contact resistivities of 0.16 Rcm2 were obtained using sulphochromic solution as oxidant agent and Cu as electrical contact. The changes induced in the CdTe-surface by the different surface treatments were studied by means of XRD, and AES measurements.
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