Carbamazepine is a drug with a narrow therapeutic range that requires clinical monitoring, since its toxic effects are not easily predictable, and the therapeutic level can vary. Our study aimed to monitor the serum level and determine the concentration/dose relationship of carbamazepine in people with epilepsy, analyzing its clinical implication. It is observed that 90.48% of the study volunteers present serum level values (4.3–10.4 mg/L) within the therapeutic range (4–12 mg/L); 7.14% present supratherapeutic levels (12.7–14.4 mg/L), 2.38% subtherapeutic (0.93 mg/L). The findings indicate a negative correlation (r = -0.616; r2 = 0.379; p = 0.001), between the dose (mg/day) and the dose ratio (mg/L/mg/day); and a positive correlation (r = 0.544; r2 = 0.296; p = 0.002), between the dose (mg/day)-serum concentration (mg/L). ANOVA and Tukey’s test mean difference is significant (p<0.05). It is concluded that there is a positive and significant linear correlation between daily doses and serum carbamazepine concentrations, which should be considered to individualize the dose and optimize clinical results.
In clinical practice, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) makes it possible to measure the concentration of drugs in serum or saliva, the purpose of which is to reduce adverse effects and optimize pharmacological therapy. The objective was to determine the concentrations of Phenytoin in saliva and serum of people with epilepsy. Cross-sectional, descriptive study with dynamic recruitment of 30 people with epilepsy (n = 30; 17 men, 56.7% and 13 women, 43.3%; mean age 33.9 ± 11.83 years). Serum and saliva samples were collected at trough levels from patients, who were under phenytoin treatment for at least three months. Drug levels were assessed by the Cloned Donor Enzyme Immunoassay method. Phenytoin levels were found in saliva between 0.01 to 3.56 mg/L and in serum between 0.09 to 36.60 mg/L. Pearson’s analysis showed an association between the estimated serum and saliva phenytoin concentrations (R2 0.7026; 95% CI 0.685-0.921), with a significant statistical correlation (p < 0.05). The Bland-Altman test broke concordance, the difference between the two saliva/serum methods is within 95% confidence. It is concluded that there is an association and concordance between the concentrations of phenytoin in serum and saliva, therefore, this technique can be useful in the clinical monitoring of phenytoin.
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Artícu lo ci entíf ico
Analysis of trends in basic research in agribusiness productive chainsA B S T R A C T Infrastructure and information management is a critical component in the development of national and international agribusiness of the agricultural sector, where demand, and not technology, directs technology development, with the aim of improving and strengthening demand, such as distribution, storage of fresh or minimally processed products and high valueadded crops and breeding crop and livestock, sustainable management, technology transfer, etc. This research aims to develop the analysis of trends in research as an international practice mandatory for R&D, where knowledge of the technological environment tends to support and justify the investment of human and material resources in various research projects, from technology vigilance as a strategic management tool. The framework for action focuses on the production chains of the agricultural sector in Colombia, taking as a reference 13 subject areas, where the identification of international benchmarks for supply chains should be consistent with the particular demands of each chain and the subject areas it encompasses, so that the results of this process are input for shortening gaps and strengthening the sector. As a case study, this research is part of an analysis of trends in basic research for the productive chains of cacao, dairy, beef and potatoes, obtaining an analysis of trends in research, identification of international references, thematic priorities, etc.
Ácido valproico es un fármaco anticrisis caracterizado por aumentar los niveles cerebrales del ácido gamma-aminobutírico que ha sido utilizado ampliamente en el tratamiento de epilepsias y diversos trastornos neurológicos. Sin embargo, existen reportes contradictorios sobre su efecto hepatotóxico. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar los niveles de las enzimas alanina aminotransferasa (ALT) y aspartato aminotransferasa (AST) en pacientes con trastornos neurológicos tratados con ácido valproico. Se estudiaron 38 pacientes tratados con ácido valproico y 10 individuos sin tratamiento (grupo control). Las muestras de sangre total obtenidas por punción venosa se procesaron y a partir del suero obtenido se determinaron los niveles de las aminotrasferasas mediante Espectrofotometría de Absorción Molecular. Los datos se procesaron mediante las pruebas de Mann Whitney, método de Dunnett-ANOVA, para establecer la significancia estadística de los resultados. Determinándose, que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los niveles séricos de las aminotransferasas de ambos grupos (tratados con ácido valproico y control) y los niveles enzimáticos de referencia. Por tanto, en este estudio exploratorio la acción farmacológica del ácido valproico no reveló la inducción de reacciones intrínsecas o idiosincráticas de importancia sobre el metabolismo hepático mediado por las aminotransferasas en la población estudiada.
Date Presented 04/02/2022
This qualitative study found that Level II OT fieldwork students (N = 14) perceived that role-emerging placements are beneficial in terms of preparing for the profession across settings. In fact, these students noted that they acquired soft and hard skills in this setting that they would not have acquired in a traditional fieldwork setting.
Primary Author and Speaker: Alexis Morales
Additional Authors and Speakers: Marie-Christine Potvin, Mika Kalimi
Contributing Authors: Erin West
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